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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Medical Entomology >Epidemiology of West Nile Virus in the United States: Implications for Arbovirology and Public Health
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Epidemiology of West Nile Virus in the United States: Implications for Arbovirology and Public Health

机译：西尼罗河病毒的流行病学在美国：对伤害性和公共卫生的影响

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Since West Nile virus (WNV) emerged in the United States in 1999, 22,999 neuroinvasive disease cases in humans were reported through 2017. These cases have arisen from an estimated seven million human infections. Population incidence is geographically heterogeneous and is highest in the West and Midwest. Upwards of 2% of the population in some jurisdictions may become infected during outbreaks. Before universal screening of the United States blood supply, this high infection incidence and that approximately 75% of those infected remain asymptomatic translated into a considerable risk of WNV transfusion transmission despite the short duration of viremia following infection. Universal blood donor screening has nearly eliminated the risk of WNV transfusion transmission, but at enormous cost. WNV transmission via transplanted organs carries extremely high morbidity and mortality. Improved vector surveillance and timely and effective response to surveillance data can reduce the impact of WNV and should remain public health priorities.
机译：自20199年在美国出现的西尼罗河病毒（WNV）以来，通过2017年报告了22,999例人类神经侵袭性病例。这些病例从估计的七百万人感染中出现。人口发病率在地理上异质，西部和中西部最高。在爆发期间，在某些司法管辖区的占人口的向上可能会感染。在通用筛查美国血液供应之前，这种高感染发病率并且约75％的感染者仍然无症状，尽管感染后病毒血症的持续时间短，但仍然是WNV输血传播的相当大风险。通用血液供体筛选几乎消除了WNV输血传输的风险，但以巨大的成本为止。通过移植器官的WNV传输具有极高的发病率和死亡率。改进的矢量监测和及时有效地对监测数据的响应可以减少WNV的影响，并应保持公共卫生优先事项。

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