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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Medical Entomology >Broad, Multi-Year Sampling Effort Highlights Complex Dynamics of the Tick-Borne Pathogen Ehrlichia chaffeensis (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmatacae)
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Broad, Multi-Year Sampling Effort Highlights Complex Dynamics of the Tick-Borne Pathogen Ehrlichia chaffeensis (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmatacae)

机译：广泛的，多年的抽样努力突出了蜱传播病原体Ehrlichia Chaffeensis的复杂动态（Rickettsiales：Anaplastacaaae）

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摘要

Ehrlichia chaffeensis (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmatacae), an understudied bacterial pathogen emerging in the eastern United States, is increasing throughout the range of its vector, the lone star tick [Amblyomma americanum, L. (Acari: Ixodidae)]. To mitigate human disease risk, we must understand what factors drive E. chaffeensis prevalence. Here, we report patterns of E. chaffeensis prevalence in southeastern Virginia across 4 yr and ask how seasonal weather patterns affect variation in rates of E. chaffeensis occurrence. We collected A. americanum nymphs at 130 plots across southeastern Virginia in 2012, 2013, 2015, and 2016, and used polymerase chain reaction and gel electrophoresis to test for the presence of E. chaffeensis DNA. Prevalence estimates varied among years, ranging from 0.9% to 3.7%, and persistence of E. chaffeensis occurrence varied across space, with some sites never testing positive, and one site testing positive every year. Using generalized linear mixed-effects models, we related E. chaffeensis occurrence to temperature, humidity, vapor-pressure deficit, and precipitation during seasons up to 21 mo prior to sampling. Surprisingly, all support was lent to a positive effect of temperature during the previous fall and winter (i.e., prior to the nymphs' hatching), which we hypothesize to influence reservoir host population dynamics through changes to mortality or natality. Although further work is necessary to truly elucidate the mechanisms at play, our study shows E. chaffeensis distribution to be very dynamic across multiple dimensions, demanding broad concerted monitoring efforts that can consider both space and time.
机译：Ehrlichia Chaffeensis（Rickettiales：Anaplastmatacae）是在美国东部出现的孤立的细菌病原体，在其综述中，孤独的星际蜱[Amblyomma Americanum，L.（Acari：Ixodidae）]。为了减轻人类疾病的风险，我们必须了解驱动E. Chaffeensis患病率的因素。在此，我们在4年的4年横跨弗吉尼亚州东南部的大肠病患病率的模式，并询问季节性天气模式如何影响E. Chaffensis的率的变化。我们在2012年，2012年，2013年，2015年和2016年的弗吉尼亚州东南部的130个地块收集了A. Americanum若虫，并使用过聚合酶链反应和凝胶电泳，以测试E. Chaffeensis DNA的存在。患病率估计多年来各不相同，范围从0.9％到3.7％，而E. Chaffeensis的持续存在于空间中变化，一些网站从未测试过积极，每年一次测试阳性。使用广义的线性混合效果模型，我们在抽样之前将在季节的温度，湿度，蒸气压力缺陷和沉淀期间发生培养，湿润，蒸气压力缺陷和沉淀。令人惊讶的是，所有支持都在前秋季和冬季（即，在若虫的孵化之前）借出了对温度的积极影响，我们假设通过对死亡率或当然的变化来影响储层宿主人群动态。虽然进一步的工作是必要的真正阐明在发挥作用的机制，但我们的研究表明，E. Chaffeensis分布在多维方面非常动态，要求广泛的共同监测工作，可以考虑空间和时间。

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