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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Avian Biology >Variation in coexisting birds to exploit spatial heterogeneity in small mammal activity
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Variation in coexisting birds to exploit spatial heterogeneity in small mammal activity

机译：共存鸟类在小型哺乳动物活动中利用空间异质性的变化

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摘要

Breeding nest site selection is often the first defense against nest predation risk. To be effective, this mechanism requires site-specific spatial heterogeneity in predator abundance which produces predator-poor space, prey's ability to assess spatial heterogeneity in risk, and few or weak constraints on the ability to settle in within predator-poor space. We used a 15-yr dataset on forested grids that provided extensive records of fledging success of veeries Catharus fuscescens and ovenbirds Seiurus aurocapilla in relation to areas of low and high spatial clustering of an important nest predator, the eastern chipmunk Tamias striatus. Ovenbird nests were built in locations with significantly lower chipmunk clustering at a scale of 900 m(2), relative to random locations within our study grids. In contrast, veery nests were built at sites with significantly higher chipmunk clustering relative to random locations. Veery nest site preference for dense shrub patches may increase their vulnerability to chipmunks seeking shrubs to reduce their own vulnerability to predators. Despite interspecific differences in nest placement and avoidance of chipmunk clusters, for both species fledging success was unaffected by surrounding chipmunk activity. This study highlights key differences in the use of predator-poor space among coexisting species, and highlights the need to consider constraints due to other habitat preferences and large predator communities.
机译：育种巢穴选择通常是对巢捕食风险的第一种防范。为了有效，这种机制需要捕食者丰富的特异性空间异质性，其产生捕食者的空间，猎物评估风险的空间异质性的能力，以及少量或弱限制在难以释放的空间内沉淀的能力。我们在森林网格上使用了15岁的数据集，提供了广泛的成功记录了Veeries Catharus Fuscescens和Hovenbirds Seiurus Aurocapilla，与重要的巢穴捕食者的低空间聚类，东部花栗鼠Tamias Stamiatus。 ovenbird巢是内置的，在900米（2）的等级中，相对于我们的研究网格中的随机位置的等级而显着降低了花栗鼠聚类。相比之下，在与随机位置相对于随机位置具有明显更高的花栗鼠聚类的地点，内部嵌套。戴着灌木补丁的景观巢场偏好可能会增加对花栗鼠寻求灌木的脆弱性，以减少对捕食者的自身脆弱性。尽管巢放置和避免花栗鼠群体的差异差异，但对于剩余的花栗鼠活动不受影响，仍然不受影响。本研究突出了在共存物种中使用捕食者差的空间的关键差异，并强调了由于其他栖息地偏好和大型捕食者社区而考虑限制的必要性。

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