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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of neurosurgical sciences >Experimental Study of Cohesive Embankment Dam Breach Formation due to Overtopping
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Experimental Study of Cohesive Embankment Dam Breach Formation due to Overtopping

机译：泛光堤坝爆破造成因拓展坝爆破形成的实验研究

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摘要

The recurrent floods in recent decades have imposed a challenge of embankment dam breaching, which needs great attention through improved design methods that are based on risk approach, the evacuation plans for people at risk, etc. In this study, based on the small-scale model tests a series of experiments were conducted to determine the breaching process of cohesive embankment dam using a simplified physical based breach model due to overtopping; the breach process observed during tests in the laboratory and the results from analyzed parameters are described. Five dam models, three of which were constructed with homogenous clay soil while two were sandy-clay mixture tested. The heights of the embankments dam were 0.45 m, and the widths at the crest were 0.20 m. The data from these examinations indicated that headcut erosion played an important role in the process of breach development. Initiation of erosion, flow shear erosion, sidewall bottom erosion, and distinct soil mechanical slope mass failure from the headcut vertically and laterally were all observed during these tests. In this physical based experimental model, the initial scouring position calculated by applying a hydraulic method, the broad crested weir formula used for breaching flow discharge and flow velocity computed based on breach flow discharge. The stability of the side slope failures was estimated by comparing the resisting and deriving force. Further, using data from laboratory experiments, the calculated peak breach discharge, breach characteristics times, breach widths, and breach flow velocity generally agreed well with the measured data and also the knowledge acquired from observed breach process at several stages. Finally, the accuracy of model was checked by root-mean-square-error.
机译：近几十年来经常发生的洪水造成了一项挑战的堤防大坝违规，这通过改进的基于风险方法的设计方法，这项研究的疏散计划等，在本研究中，基于小规模，避免计划等。模型试验进行了一系列实验，以确定由于旧的基于物理的漏洞模型使用简化的物理漏洞模型来确定粘性堤坝的突破过程;描述了在实验室中的测试期间观察到的突发过程和分析参数的结果。五个坝模型，其中三种用均匀的粘土土壤构建，而两个是砂质粘土混合物测试。堤坝大坝的高度为0.45米，嵴的宽度为0.20米。来自这些考试的数据表明，头寸侵蚀在违规发展过程中发挥着重要作用。在这些试验期间，在垂直和横向地观察到侵蚀，流动剪切腐蚀，侧壁底部侵蚀和不同的土壤机械斜面损失和不同的土壤机械斜面失效。在该基于物理的实验模型中，通过施加液压方法计算的初始冲洗位置，用于突破流动排出和流速基于违规流量放电计算的宽冠堰公式。通过比较抗蚀剂和推导力来估计侧倾故障的稳定性。此外，使用来自实验室实验的数据，计算出的峰漏气放电，泄露特征时间，泄露宽度和突发流速通常很好地与测量的数据相同，以及在几个阶段的观察到漏洞过程中获得的知识。最后，通过根均方误差检查模型的准确性。

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