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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of natural gas science and engineering >Pore geometrical complexity and fractal facets of Permian shales and coals from Auranga Basin, Jharkhand, India
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Pore geometrical complexity and fractal facets of Permian shales and coals from Auranga Basin, Jharkhand, India

机译：孔隙盆地，印度吉尔卡盆地煤层和煤炭的孔隙几何复杂性和分形小套

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摘要

The pore system is a significant factor for the hydrocarbon generation, storage and production. Several studies had been carried earlier by distinguished researchers on pore system characterization, where little information regarding a thermally immature basin has been discussed so far. To understand these, total fifty-one samples including 41-shales and 10-coals are taken for study from Barakar (L.Sakmarian-Kungurian) Formation of Auranga basin to investigate the pore characteristics of a low mature substance. This work provides information regarding a low mature basin having oil generation potential. For this, authors have carried low pressure N-2 sorption, FE-SEM/EDX with rock eval pyrolysis, total organic carbon (TOC), ash yield, vitrinite reflectance and clay content. The low-pressure N-2 sorption: BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) and BJH (Barrett-Joyner-Halenda) are employed to analyze the pore size, area, geometry and its distribution. Shale samples have shown variation in the specific surface areas (BET) and pore volume from 7.43 to 30.36 m(2)/g and 0.019-0.069 cm(3)/g respectively; whereas coal samples exhibits these properties ranging from 3.13 to 17.2 m(2)/g and 0.08-0.31 cm(3)/g respectively. Here, two kinds of desorption curve have been observed: (a) sub-hysteresis types H2' where rapid desorption (lacking a plateau at high pressure) indicating pipette shaped pore (b) hysteresis type H3 having slow rate of desorption suggesting slit shaped pore. The subtype H2' i.e. lacking the plateau at high pressure has been distinguished under H2 hysteresis. The dominance of mesopores to macropores are deduced from BJH and presence of micropores were also observed in few samples from t-plot method. The Type II isotherms are observed dominantly in shales and few coal samples (27-shales; 3-coals) whereas Type IV isotherms (13 shales; 7 coals) are mainly noticed in coals and in limited number of shales. Moreover, the total organic carbon (TOC) content of the shale and coal samples ranges from 1.35 to 29.42 wt% and 32.38-63.46 wt% respectively. T-max [temperature under S2 to release maximum amount of pyrolyzate from the kerogen under rock eval pyrolysis (REP)] range from 409 to 468 degrees C and 420-426 degrees C of shales and coals respectively indicating of immature to early mature stage of the sample. The TOC normalized-BET (BET*) in relation to ash yield exhibits the significance of mineral matter in the shales for pore formation. The relation of pyrolysis parameters (S1 and S2) with BET* gives the indication of bitumen retention in the pore spaces of organic matter, which reduces their surface area in coals. Fractal geometry of the samples were also studied. The surface fractal dimensions viz. D-1 (P/Po = 0.0-0.5) and D-2 (P/Po = 0.5-1.0) both are calculated for the basin. The D-1 (pore surface) varies from 1.9888 to 2.5530 and 1.8190-2.4430 for shales and coals respectively pointing towards surface heterogeneity and ruggedness of the surface favorable for increasing the adsorption capability. However, D-2 (pore structure) for the shales and coals are placed in the range of 2.570-2.759 and 2.6150-2.7530 respectively indicating large heterogeneity of the pore structure causing high capillary condensation that reduces the adsorption ability. The FE-SEM with EDX study supports the analysis of pore structure, characteristics and fractal behaviour of shales and coals.
机译：孔系统是碳氢化合物产生，储存和生产的重要因素。杰出的研究人员对孔隙系统表征的杰出研究人员进行了几项研究，其中迄今为止已经讨论了有关热不成熟盆地的信息很少。要了解这些，从Barakar（L.Sakmarian-Kungurian）形成Auranga盆地的研究中，采取了总共五十一项样品，以研究低成熟物质的孔隙特性。这项工作提供了有关具有发油潜力的低成熟盆地的信息。为此，作者携带低压N-2吸附，Fe-SEM / EDX，具有岩石醇热解，总有机碳（TOC），灰分，蒸磨石反射率和粘土含量。低压N-2吸附：投注（Brunauer-Emmett-Teller）和BJH（Barrett-Joyner-Halenda）用于分析孔径，区域，几何形状及其分布。页岩样品在7.43至30.36m（2）/ g和0.019-0.069cm（3）/ g的孔隙体积分别显示出比表面积（BET）和孔体积的变化。虽然煤样品显示出这些性能，其特性范围为3.13至17.2米（2）/ g分别为0.08-0.31cm（3）/ g。这里，已经观察到两种解吸曲线：（a）副滞后类型H2'，其中快速解吸（在高压下缺乏高原），指示移液管成形孔（b）滞后型H3，具有慢速率的解吸施加狭缝形孔。亚型H2'1.E.在高压下缺乏高原在H2滞后下。从BJH推导出中孔至麦克波雷的优势，并且还观察到来自T-绘图法的少量样品中的微孔存在。在Shales和少量煤样（27-hales; 3煤）中占据II型等温线，而IV等温线（13只Shales; 7煤）主要被注意到煤炭和有限数量的Shales。此外，页岩和煤样的总有机碳（TOC）含量分别为1.35至29.42wt％和32.38-63.46wt％。 T-Max [S2下的温度释放来自岩石醇热解（Rep）下的Kerogen的最大热分溶物量，范围为409至468℃和420-426摄氏度，分别表明未成熟的早期成熟阶段样品。与灰分收率相关的TOC标准化 - 下注（BET *）表现出矿物质在孔隙中矿物质的重要性。热解参数（S1和S2）与BET *的关系赋予有机物质的孔隙空间中的沥青保留的指示，从而减少了煤中的表面积。还研究了样品的分形几何形状。表面分形尺寸viz。为盆地计算D-1（P / PO = 0.0-0.5）和D-2（P / PO = 0.5-1.0）。 D-1（孔表面）分别从1.9888到2.5530和1.8190-2.4430各自指向表面异质性和粗糙度，该煤的表面异质性和抗真实性有利于增加吸附能力。然而，Shales和煤的D-2（孔结构）分别置于2.570-2.759和2.6150-2.7530的范围内，分别表明孔隙结构的大异质性，导致降低吸附能力的高毛细血管缩合。 FE-SEM具有EDX研究支持Shales和Coals的孔结构，特征和分形行为的分析。

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