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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer >Variability in millimeter wave scattering properties of dendritic ice crystals
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Variability in millimeter wave scattering properties of dendritic ice crystals

机译：树突型冰晶毫米波散射特性的变异性

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摘要

A detailed electromagnetic scattering model for ice crystals is necessary for calculating radar reflectivity from cloud resolving model output in any radar simulator. The radar reflectivity depends on the backscattering cross sections and size distributions of particles in the radar resolution volume. The backscattering cross section depends on the size, mass and distribution of mass within the crystal. Most of the available electromagnetic scattering data for ice hydrometeors rely on simple ice crystal types and a single mass-dimensional relationship for a given type. However, a literature survey reveals that the mass-dimensional relationships for dendrites cover a relatively broad region in the mass-dimensional plane. This variability of mass and mass distribution of dendritic ice crystals cause significant variability in their backscattering cross sections, more than 10. dB for all sizes (0.5-5. mm maximum dimension) and exceeding 20. dB for the larger ones at X-, Ka-, and W-band frequencies. Realistic particle size distributions are used to calculate radar reflectivity and ice water content (IWC) for three mass-dimensional relationships. The uncertainty in the IWC for a given reflectivity spans an order of magnitude in value at all three frequencies because of variations in the unknown mass-dimensional relationship and particle size distribution. The sensitivity to the particle size distribution is reduced through the use of dual frequency reflectivity ratios, e.g., Ka- and W-band frequencies, together with the reflectivity at one of the frequencies for estimating IWC.
机译：在任何雷达模拟器中计算云分辨模型输出的云反射率是必要的一种冰晶电磁散射模型。雷达反射率取决于雷达分辨率体积中的颗粒的反向散射横截面和尺寸分布。反向散射横截面取决于晶体内质量的尺寸，质量和分布。大多数用于冰水流的可用电磁散射数据依靠简单的冰晶类型和给定类型的单一质量尺寸关系。然而，文献调查显示，枝形曲线的质量关系覆盖质量尺寸平面中的相对宽的区域。这种树枝状冰晶的质量和质量分布的变化导致它们的后散射横截面有显着的变化，所有尺寸为10 dB（最大尺寸为0.5-5。最大尺寸）并超过20. dB的X-， KA-和W波段频率。现实粒度分布用于计算三个质量关系的雷达反射率和冰水含量（IWC）。由于未知的质量关系和粒度分布，所以给定反射率的IWC中的不确定性在所有三个频率下跨越值的值。通过使用双频反射率比，例如Ka和W波段频率，与估计IWC的一个频率之一的反射率一起降低对粒度分布的敏感性。

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