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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of public health management and practice: JPHMP >CDC Guidance for Use of a Third Dose of MMR Vaccine During Mumps Outbreaks
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CDC Guidance for Use of a Third Dose of MMR Vaccine During Mumps Outbreaks

机译：CDC在腮腺炎爆发期间使用第三剂MMR疫苗的指导

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Context: In response to numerous mumps outbreaks reported throughout the United States in 2016 and 2017, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended a third dose of measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine for groups of persons determined by public health authorities to be at increased risk for acquiring mumps because of an outbreak. Objective: To provide guidance for health departments when implementing the ACIP recommendation. Design: Draft guidance was developed by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention subject matter experts based on technical consultations with health departments and review of published and unpublished data regarding mumps outbreaks. The guidance was finalized based on input from experts from the ACIP Mumps Work Group and local and state epidemiologists through the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists and the National Association of County and City Health Officials. Results: We developed guidance to assist public health authorities when determining which groups are at increased risk for acquiring mumps and should receive a third dose of MMR vaccine. During outbreaks, public health authorities identify groups of persons with known or likely close contact exposure to a mumps patient. Then, evidence of transmission and likelihood of transmission in a group's setting can be used to determine whether these groups are at increased risk. Additional epidemiologic and implementation factors may also be considered. All persons in the group at increased risk for acquiring mumps should receive a dose of MMR vaccine, including those with unknown vaccination status or those who have evidence of presumptive immunity other than documented 2 doses of MMR vaccine; no additional dose is recommended for persons who had received 3 or more doses before the outbreak. Conclusion: This guidance provides a framework for public health authorities to use when considering a third dose of MMR in response to mumps outbreaks while maintaining flexibility to incorporate local factors related to individual outbreaks.
机译：背景：回应2016年和2017年在整个美国报告的众多腮腺炎爆发，免疫实践咨询委员会（ACIP）推荐了由公共卫生确定的人群的三剂量麻疹，腮腺炎和风疹（MMR）疫苗由于爆发，当局因收购腮腺炎的风险而增加。目的：在实施ACIP建议时为卫生部门提供指导。设计：根据疾病控制和预防主题专家的中心制定了指导草案，基于与卫生部门的技术磋商以及关于腮腺炎爆发的发布和未发表的数据审查。通过国家和地区流行病学委员会和国家卫生官员国家和城市卫生官员协会，基于来自ACIP腮腺组织工作组和地方和国家流行病学家专家的投入的指导。结果：在确定收购腮腺炎的风险增加时，我们开发了协助公共卫生当局的指导，并应接受第三剂MMR疫苗。在爆发期间，公共卫生当局将群体统计成群患者的已知或可能紧密接触的人群。然后，可以使用在组设置中传输的证据和传输的可能性来确定这些组是否处于增加的风险。还可以考虑额外的流行病学和实施因素。本集团中的所有人在增加的收购腮腺炎的风险上应接受一剂MMR疫苗，包括具有未知疫苗接种状态的疫苗或那些有证据表明2剂的MMR疫苗以外的推定免疫证据的人;建议在爆发前服用3剂量3或更多剂量的人建议使用额外剂量。结论：本指南为公共卫生当局提供了一个框架，用于在考虑第三剂MMR时使用，以应对腮腺炎爆发，同时保持灵活地将当地因素与个人爆发有关。

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