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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of psychopathology and behavioral assessment >Reversal Learning Deficits in Criminal Offenders: Effects of Psychopathy, Substance use, and Childhood Maltreatment History
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Reversal Learning Deficits in Criminal Offenders: Effects of Psychopathy, Substance use, and Childhood Maltreatment History

机译：刑事犯罪者的逆转学习赤字：精神病，物质和儿童虐待史的影响

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Deficits in reinforcement learning are presumed to underlie the impulsive and incorrigible behavior exhibited by psychopathic criminals. However, previous studies documenting reversal learning impairments in psychopathic individuals have not investigated this relationship across a continuous range of psychopathy severity, nor have they examined how reversal learning impairments relate to different psychopathic traits, such as the interpersonal-affective and lifestyle-antisocial dimensions. Furthermore, previous studies have not considered the role that childhood maltreatment and substance use may have in this specific cognitive deficit. Using a standard reversal learning task in a sample of N = 114 incarcerated male offenders, we demonstrate a significant relationship between psychopathy severity and reversal learning errors. Furthermore, we show a significant interaction between psychopathy and childhood maltreatment, but not substance use, such that individuals high in psychopathy with an extensive history of maltreatment committed the greatest number of reversal learning errors. These findings extend the current understanding of reversal learning performance among psychopathic individuals, and highlight the importance of considering childhood maltreatment when studying psychopathy.
机译：强化学习的赤字被认为是精神审查罪犯展出的冲动和不可救药的行为利益。然而，先前的研究记录了精神病患者中的逆转学习障碍，并未在持续的心理病变严重程度上调查这种关系，也没有审查逆转学习障碍如何涉及不同的精神疗法特征，例如人际关系和生活方式 - 反社会维度。此外，之前的研究尚未考虑在这种特定的认知缺陷中具有儿童虐待和物质使用的作用。在N = 114个被监禁的男性违规者的样本中使用标准的逆转学习任务，我们展示了精神病严重程度与逆转学习错误之间的重要关系。此外，我们在精神病和儿童虐待之间表现出显着的相互作用，但没有物质使用，使得具有广泛历史的精神病患者的个体致力于最大的逆转学习错误。这些调查结果延长了对精神病患者之间对逆转学习表现的目前的认识，并突出了在学习精神病时考虑儿童虐待的重要性。

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