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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Rural Studies >Inter-regional innovation cooperation and structural heterogeneity: Does being a rural, or border region, or both, make a difference?
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Inter-regional innovation cooperation and structural heterogeneity: Does being a rural, or border region, or both, make a difference?

机译：区域间创新合作和结构异质性：是农村，或边界地区，或两者，有所作为吗？

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摘要

This paper analyses the determinants of inter-regional innovation cooperation in European knowledge networks. Our main goal is to assess whether structural heterogeneity in the context of the "urban-rural dichotomy" and international borders can explain differences in the regions' engagement in inter-regional innovation cooperation. We estimate a gravity equation to model innovation cooperation, proxied by inter-regional co-patent applications, as a function of region-specific context conditions as well as technological and geographical distance. Our data comprise dyadic information on 203 NUTS2 regions in 15 European countries (EU-15) for the year 2010. The empirical results show that the basic gravity mechanisms drive the direction and strength of innovation cooperation between EU regions; i.e., geographical distance acts as an impediment to inter-regional co-patent applications. Regarding the importance of structural heterogeneity, we find that pairs of rural regions have lower levels of innovation cooperation compared to urban regions. Similarly, border regions are generally disadvantaged compared to non-border regions in terms of the intensity of innovation cooperation. However, while the latter result points to a negative border effect, our gravity model estimates also show that pairs of border regions are more active in terms of close geographical innovation cooperation (e.g., through international cross-border cooperation), which partly compensates for the negative border effect. This finding not only holds for urban but also rural border regions and may reflect policy attempts to support border regions, e.g., by strengthening the level of international cross-border cooperation within the EU.
机译：本文分析了欧洲知识网络区域间创新合作的决定因素。我们的主要目标是评估“城乡二分法”和国际边界背景下的结构性异质性，可以解释区域区域的差异在区域间创新合作中。我们估计了以区域特定的CODIC申请（包括地区特定的上下文条件以及技术和地理距离）的函数来模拟创新合作的重力方程。我们的数据包括2010年15欧洲国家（EU-15）的203个Nuts2地区的二元信息。实证结果表明，基本重力机制推动了欧盟地区创新合作的方向和力量;即，地理距离作为对区域间共同专利申请的障碍。关于结构性异质性的重要性，我们发现与城市地区相比，农村地区对创新合作水平较低。同样，与创新合作强度方面的非边界地区相比，边界地区通常是处于不利地位的。然而，虽然后一结果指向负面边界效应，但我们的重力模型估计也表明，在密切的地理创新合作（例如，通过国际跨境合作）方面，对边界地区对更积极，这部分弥补了负边界效应。这一发现不仅适用于城市，也可能反映了支持边境地区的政策企图，例如，通过加强欧盟内的国际跨界合作水平。

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