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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Parasitology >DIFFERENTIAL CHANGE PATTERNS OF MAIN ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDE GENES DURING INFECTION OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES AND THEIR SYMBIOTIC BACTERIA
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DIFFERENTIAL CHANGE PATTERNS OF MAIN ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDE GENES DURING INFECTION OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES AND THEIR SYMBIOTIC BACTERIA

机译：昆虫致病线虫感染过程中主要抗菌肽基因的差异变化模式及其共生细菌

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The expression of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as the main humoral defense reactions of insects during infection by entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) and their symbiont is addressed herein. Three AMPs, attacin, cecropin, and spodoptericin, were evaluated in the fifth instar larvae of Spodoptera exigua Hubner (beet armyworm) when challenged with Steinernema carpocapsae or Heterorhabditis bacteriophora. The results indicated that attacin was expressed to a greater extent than either cecropin or spodoptericin. While spodoptericin was expressed to a much lesser extent, this AMP was induced against Gram-positive bacteria, and thus not expressed after penetration of Xenorhabdus nematophila and Photorhabdus luminescens. Attacin and cecropin in the larvae treated with S. carpocapsae at 8 hr post-injection (PI) attained the maximum expression levels and were 138.42-fold and 65.84-fold greater than those of larvae infected with H. bacteriophora, respectively. Generally, the ability of H. bacteriophora to suppress attacin, cecropin, and spodoptericin was greater than that of S. carpocapsae. According to the results, the expression of AMPs by Sp. exigua larvae against S. carpocapsae was determined in the 4 statuses of monoxenic nematode, axenic nematode, live symbiotic bacterium, and dead symbiotic bacterium. The expression of attacin in larvae treated with a monoxenic nematode and live bacterium at 8 and 2 hr PI, respectively, were increased to the maximum amount. Live X. nematophila was the strongest agent for the suppression of attacin. The expression of cecropin against monoxenic nematodes and live symbiotic bacteria at 8 and 4 hr PI, respectively, reached the maximum amount while the expression levels of attacin and cecropin for axenic nematodes were lesser and stable. The results highlighted that the ability of P. luminescens in AMPs suppression was much more than X. nematophila. The results also showed that the effect of symbiotic bacterium in suppressing attacin and cecropin expression was greater than that of a monoxenic nematode; this result provided deep insight into the expression pattern parallels and fluctuations of the main AMPs during nematode infection.
机译：本文对昆虫致病线虫（EPNS）感染昆虫在感染期间的抗微生物肽（AMPs）的表达是昆虫的影响。三个安培，atchin，Cecropin和Spodoptericin在斯坦纳姆群落患者攻击斯坦尼塞氏菌或杂种炎细菌菌属挑战时，评估了Spodoptera Exigua Hubner（BEET anceworm）的第五龄幼虫。结果表明，宿主在更大程度上表达而不是Cecropin或Spodoptericin。当Spodoptericin在更小的程度上表达，而这种放大器诱导兰氏阳性细菌，因此在Xenorhabdus nematophila和Photorhabdus Luminescens渗透后未表达。在幼虫的幼虫中，用S. carpocapaae治疗的幼虫和治疗术治疗后的幼虫（PI）达到最大表达水平，分别比幼虫的最大表达水平分别为138.42倍，分别大于幼虫的65.84倍。通常，H. Bacteriophora抑制Attacin，Cecropin和Spodoptericin的能力大于S. carpocapsae的能力。根据结果​​，SP的AMPS表达。 Exigua幼虫针对S. carpocapaae在一氧细胞线虫，轴烯型线虫，活菌细菌和死亡共生细菌的4个状态下测定。分别在8和2HR PI下用一氧体线虫和活细菌治疗的幼虫在幼虫中的表达增加至最大量。 Live X.Nematophila是抑制宿主的最强大的代理人。分别在8和4小时Pi中表达Cecropin对单雄性线虫和活体共生细菌的最大值，而锥形线虫的Attacin和Cecropin的表达水平较小且稳定。结果突出显示，在X.Nematophila中，P. Luminescens在AMPS抑制中的能力远远大。结果还表明，共生细菌在抑制宿主和食子思素表达中的影响大于单泛线虫的效果;该结果为在线虫感染期间对表达模式平板和主安培的波动提供了深入的洞察力。

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