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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences >Kelvin-Helmholtz Waves in Precipitating Midlatitude Cyclones
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Kelvin-Helmholtz Waves in Precipitating Midlatitude Cyclones

机译：Kelvin-Helmholtz在沉淀中间旋风中的波浪

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This study examines Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) waves observed by dual-polarization radar in several precipitating midlatitude cyclones during the Olympic Mountains Experiment (OLYMPEX) field campaign along the windward side of the Olympic Mountains in Washington State and in a strong stationary frontal zone in Iowa during the Iowa Flood Studies (IFloodS) field campaign. While KH waves develop regardless of the presence or absence of mountainous terrain, this study indicates that the large-scale flow can be modified when encountering a mountain range in such a way as to promote development of KH waves on the windward side and to alter their physical structure (i.e., orientation and amplitude). OLYMPEX sampled numerous instances of KH waves in precipitating clouds, and this study examines their effects on microphysical processes above, near, and below the melting layer. The dual-polarization radar data indicate that KH waves above the melting layer promote aggregation. KH waves centered in the melting layer produce the most notable signatures in dual-polarization variables, with the patterns suggesting that the KH waves promote both riming and aggregation. Both above and near the melting layer ice particles show no preferred orientation likely because of tumbling in turbulent air motions. KH waves below the melting layer facilitate the generation of large drops via coalescence and/or vapor deposition, increasing mean drop size and rain rate by only slight amounts in the OLYMPEX storms.
机译：本研究审查了在奥林匹克山脉实验（Olympex）在华盛顿州奥运山脉迎风侧的奥林匹克山脉实验（Olympex）野外活动中观察到的Kelvin-Helmholtz（KH）波浪在华盛顿州的冬季迎风侧，并在一个强大的固定式正面区域爱荷华州在爱荷华州洪水研究期间（Ifloods）野外活动。虽然kh波的发展不论山地地形的存在或缺失如何，但该研究表明，在遇到山脉时，可以改变大规模的流量，以促进在迎风方面的kh波浪中的kh波浪的发展和改变它们的方式物理结构（即取向和幅度）。 OLYMPEX在沉淀云中取样了许多KH波浪，并且本研究研究了它们对熔化层附近和下方的微动物过程的影响。双极化雷达数据表示熔化层上方的KH波促进聚集。以熔化层为中心的KH波在双极化变量中产生最值得注意的签名，这些模式表明KH波促进了灵敏和聚集。在熔融层冰颗粒上方和附近的两者都没有显示出可能在湍流空气运动中翻滚的优选取向。熔化层下方的KH波通过聚结和/或气相沉积产生大滴，仅增加奥林巴克风暴中的平均跌落尺寸和雨率。

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