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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society: JINS >Does Obstructive Sleep Apnea Increase Cognitive Deficits in Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease?
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Does Obstructive Sleep Apnea Increase Cognitive Deficits in Pediatric Sickle Cell Disease?

机译：阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停是否会增加儿科镰状细胞疾病的认知缺陷？

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摘要

Objectives: Although pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is estimated to affect 2–3% of the general population, its prevalence in sickle cell disease (SCD) is much higher, with research suggesting a prevalence rate of upwards of 40%. Despite the similar underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of neurocognitive effects in pediatric OSA and SCD, there is a scarcity of information on how these two conditions interact. The aim of this study was to better understand the contribution of sleep apnea to neurocognitive deficits in children diagnosed with SCD. Method: This study assessed cognitive function in 26 children with comorbid SCD and OSA, 39 matched comparisons with SCD only, and 59 matched comparisons in children without a chronic health condition. Results: There were significant differences on measures of processing speed and reading decoding, with children without a chronic health condition scoring better than both chronic health condition groups. Additionally, the no chronic health condition group performed better on a test of quantitative knowledge and reasoning and a test of visual–spatial construction than the SCD-only group. Contrary to our hypotheses, there were no between-group differences suggesting an additive impact of OSA on cognition. Exploratory analyses revealed associations within the group that had OSA showing that more severe OSA correlated with lower performance on measures of processing speed and quantitative knowledge/reasoning. Conclusions: Children with comorbid OSA and SCD do not present with greater deficits in cognitive functioning than children with SCD alone. However, severe OSA may confer additional risk for neurocognitive impairments.
机译：目的：虽然估计儿科阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）影响2-3％的一般人群，但它在镰状细胞疾病（SCD）的流行程度要高得多，研究表明患有40％的患病率为40％。尽管在儿科OSA和SCD中具有类似神经认知效应的潜在病理生理机制，但是缺乏关于这两个条件如何相互作用的信息。本研究的目的是更好地了解睡眠呼吸暂停对被诊断患有SCD的儿童的神经认知缺陷的贡献。方法：本研究评估了26名患有合并SCD和OSA的儿童的认知功能，仅限SCD的39种匹配比较，儿童匹配比较没有慢性健康状况。结果：对加工速度和阅读解码的措施有显着差异，儿童没有比慢性健康状况群体更好的慢性健康状况。此外，没有慢性健康状况组在定量知识和推理的测试和视觉空间施工的考验中表现优于仅仅是SCD的组。与我们的假设相反，局部差异没有暗表明OSA对认知的添加影响。探索性分析揭示了多OSA的组内的关联，表明更严重的OSA与降低性能相关的处理速度和定量知识/推理的措施。结论：具有合并OSA和SCD的儿童，在认知功能中的缺乏比单独的SCD的儿童更具缺陷。然而，严重的OSA可能会赋予神经认知障碍的额外风险。

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