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Correlated non-classical measurement errors, 'Second best' policy inference, and the inverse size-productivity relationship in agriculture

机译:相关的非古典测量误差,“第二个最佳”政策推断,以及农业中的逆大小 - 生产力关系

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摘要

We show that non-classical measurement errors (NCME) on both sides of a regression can bias the parameter estimate of interest in either direction. Furthermore, if these NCME are correlated, correcting for either one alone can aggravate bias relative to ignoring mismeasurement in both variables, a 'second best' result with implications for a broad class of economic phenomena of policy interest. We then use a unique Ethiopian dataset of matched farmer self-reported and precise ground-based measures for both plot size and agricultural output to re-investigate the long-debated relationship between plot size and crop productivity. Both self-reported variables contain substantial NCME that are negatively correlated with the true variable values, and positively correlated with one another, consistent with prior studies. Eliminating both sources of NCME eliminates the estimated inverse size productivity relationship. But correcting neither variable generates a parameter estimate not statistically significantly different from that generated using two improved measures, while correcting for just one source of NCME significantly aggravates the bias in the parameter estimate. Numerical simulations demonstrate that over a relatively large parameter space, expensive collection of objective measures of only one variable or correcting only one variables NCME may be inadvisable when NCME are large and correlated. This has practical implications for survey design as well as for estimation using existing survey data.
机译:我们表明回归两侧的非古典测量误差(NCME)可以偏置在任一方向上感兴趣的参数估计。此外,如果这些NCME是相关的,单独校正任何一种可以加剧相对于忽略两个变量中的不忽略的偏差,这是一个对政策兴趣的广泛经济现象的影响。然后,我们使用匹配农民的独特埃塞俄比亚数据集自我报告和精确的基于地面措施,以重新调查情节规模与作物生产力之间的长期争论关系。两个自我报告的变量都包含实质性的NCME,其与真实变量值呈负相关,并且与先前研究一致地彼此肯定地相关。消除了NCME的两个来源消除了估计的逆尺寸的生产率关系。但是纠正既不是变量没有产生没有统计学上的参数估计与使用两个改进措施产生的参数估计,同时只纠正NCME的一个来源,显着加剧了参数估计中的偏差。数值模拟表明,在相对较大的参数空间中,当NCME大并且相关时,在仅一个变量或校正仅一个变量NCME的昂贵的客观度量的目标措施的昂贵收集可能是不可取的。这对调查设计具有实际影响,以及使用现有调查数据的估算。

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