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Competition and the racial wage gap: Evidence from Brazil

机译：竞争与种族工资差距：来自巴西的证据

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摘要

We look at the natural experiment represented by the Brazilian trade liberalization from the early 1990s to study the effect of increased competition in the market for final goods on the racial wage gap. We focus on local labor markets as the unit of analysis and use the initial structure of employment to calculate the relevant tariff reduction from the perspective of each local labor market. We show that the conditional racial wage gap fell more between 1991 and 2000 in regions associated with larger reductions in tariffs, or, in other words, in regions that experienced larger increases in exposure to international competition. A reduction in tariffs equivalent to the average observed in the sample was associated with a reduction in the racial wage gap of 18%. Our results are broadly consistent with theories of employer discrimination that predict that reductions in pure economic rents should lead to reductions in labor market discrimination.
机译：我们从20世纪90年代初期从20世纪90年代初期，研究了巴西贸易自由化所代表的自然实验，研究了对种族工资差距的最终货物竞争增加的影响。 我们专注于当地劳动力市场作为分析单位，并利用初步就业结构来计算每个当地劳动力市场的角度相关的关税减少。 我们表明，条件种族工资差距在1991年至2000年间，在与税收减少的区域相关，或者换句话说，在经历更大增加的国际竞争方面的地区。 相当于样品中观察到的平均值的关税减少与种族工资差距的降低有关，18％。 我们的结果与雇主歧视的理论普遍一致，预测纯经济租金的减少应导致劳动力市场歧视的减少。

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