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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology: JARO >Effects of Musical Training and Hearing Loss on Fundamental Frequency Discrimination and Temporal Fine Structure Processing: Psychophysics and Modeling
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Effects of Musical Training and Hearing Loss on Fundamental Frequency Discrimination and Temporal Fine Structure Processing: Psychophysics and Modeling

机译：音乐训练与听力损失对基础频率辨别与颞型细结构处理的影响：心理物理与造型

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摘要

Several studies have shown that musical training leads to improved fundamental frequency (F-0) discrimination for young listeners with normal hearing (NH). It is unclear whether a comparable effect of musical training occurs for listeners whose sensory encoding of F-0 is degraded. To address this question, the effect of musical training was investigated for three groups of listeners (young NH, older NH, and older listeners with hearing impairment, HI). In a first experiment, F-0 discrimination was investigated using complex tones that differed in harmonic content and phase configuration (sine, positive, or negative Schroeder). Musical training was associated with significantly better F-0 discrimination of complex tones containing low-numbered harmonics for all groups of listeners. Part of this effect was caused by the fact that musicians were more robust than non-musicians to harmonic roving. Despite the benefit relative to their non-musicians counterparts, the older musicians, with or without HI, performed worse than the young musicians. In a second experiment, binaural sensitivity to temporal fine structure (TFS) cues was assessed for the same listeners by estimating the highest frequency at which an interaural phase difference was perceived. Performance was better for musicians for all groups of listeners and the use of TFS cues was degraded for the two older groups of listeners. These findings suggest that musical training is associated with an enhancement of both TFS cues encoding and F-0 discrimination in young and older listeners with or without HI, although the musicians' benefit decreased with increasing hearing loss. Additionally, models of the auditory periphery and midbrain were used to examine the effect of HI on F-0 encoding. The model predictions reflected the worsening in F-0 discrimination with increasing HI and accounted for up to 80% of the variance in the data.
机译：几项研究表明，音乐训练导致具有正常听力（NH）的年轻听众的基本频率（F-0）歧视。目前尚不清楚音乐训练是否发生的听众训练的可比效果是劣化的。为了解决这个问题，调查了音乐训练的效果，为三组听众（年轻的NH，旧的NH，以及听力障碍，嗨的旧听众。在第一次实验中，使用谐波含量和相位构型（正弦，阳性或阴性Schroeder）不同的复杂音调来研究F-0辨别。音乐训练与含有所有听众群体的低编号谐波的复杂音调有明显更好的F-0判断。这一效果的一部分是由音乐家比非音乐家更强大的事实造成的。尽管有关他们的非音乐家同行，但旧的音乐家，有或没有嗨，比年轻的音乐家更糟糕。在第二个实验中，通过估计感知室内相差的最高频率来评估对时间细结构（TFS）提示的双耳敏感性。对于所有听众群体的音乐家来说，表现更好，并且对于两组较旧的听众，使用TFS线索的使用是堕落的。这些调查结果表明，音乐训练与在年轻人和较旧的听众的TFS线索编码和F-0歧视的增强有关，尽管音乐家的益处随着听力损失的增加而降低。另外，听觉周边和中脑的模型用于检查HI对F-0编码的影响。模型预测反映了F-0识别中的恶化，随着HI的增加，占数据方差的高达80％。

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