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Peculiarities of crown structure of Frangula alnus (Rhamnaceae)

机译：Frangula Alnus（rhamnaceae）冠结构的特殊性

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The development of the tier pagoda-like structure of the crown of Frangula alnus [Rhamnus frangula] is discussed. The rhythm of formation of different sprouts of the 1st order axis was revealed. In a lesser degree, the rhythm presents in formation of the 2nd order axes, while the 3rd and 4th order axes are formed by sprouts with constant growth characters. The periodicity was revealed in formation of the 2nd order axes. A mass formation of the 2nd order axes coincides with the second half of the wave of many-leaved 1st and 2nd order sprouts formation. Only large 2nd order axes can branch, the 3rd order axes being arranged on them in acrotonic whorls. The 4th order axes develop seldom. A seed shrub individual of F. alnus has the most developed tierpagoda-like structure. Shoot individuals have fewer whorls of 2nd order axes. Senile shoot individuals do not form the 2nd order axes, thus a tendency for reduction of the crown structure is observed. A similar phenomenon is indicated under unfavourableenvironmental conditions, e.g. under shading. In its expansion to the North, this member of the family Rhamnaceae has in general preserved its spatial crown structure. Its survival is provided by forming silleptic and proleptic shoots, those from dormant buds, apex changing and, at worst, by reduction of the structure.
机译：讨论了野兔桤木冠冠状雕刻群结构的发展。揭示了第1阶轴的不同豆芽形成的节奏。在较小程度上，节奏在形成第二阶轴的形成中，而第3阶和第4阶轴由具有恒定生长特征的豆芽形成。在形成第二阶轴的情况下揭示了周期性。第二阶轴的质量形成与许多叶波和第二阶芽面形成波浪的下半部分。只有大型的2阶轴可以分支，第3个轴轴上布置在肌肉螺旋中。第四阶轴很少发展。 F. Alnus的种子灌木个体具有最开发的二射状结构。拍摄个人有较少的第二阶轴的螺旋。老年射击个体不形成第二阶轴，因此观察到冠结构的减少趋势。在不可遗传的环境条件下表明了类似的现象，例如，在阴影下。在北方的扩张中，犀牛的这一成员通常保留了其空间冠结构。通过形成散毛和渗透芽，从休眠芽，顶点变化，并且在最差的情况下，通过减少结构来提供其存活。

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