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首页> 外文期刊>American Journal of Preventive Medicine >Effects on violence of laws and policies facilitating the transfer of juveniles from the juvenile justice system to the adult justice system: a systematic review.
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Effects on violence of laws and policies facilitating the transfer of juveniles from the juvenile justice system to the adult justice system: a systematic review.

机译：法律和政策对暴力的影响，有助于将少年从少年司法系统转移到成人司法系统：系统审查。

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摘要

The independent, nonfederal Task Force on Community Preventive Services (Task Force), which directs development of the Guide to Community Preventive Services (Community Guide), has conducted a systematic review of published scientific evidence concerning the effectiveness of laws and policies that facilitate the transfer of juveniles to the adult criminal justice system, on either preventing or reducing violence (1) among those youth who experience the adult criminal system or (2) in the juvenile population as a whole. This review focuses on interpersonal violence. Violence may lead to the juvenile's initial arrest and entry into the justice system and, for those who are arrested, may be committed subsequent to exiting the justice system. Here transfer is defined as the placement of juveniles aged less than 18 years under the jurisdiction of the adult criminal justice system, rather than the juvenile justice system, following arrest. Using the methods developed by the Community Guide to conduct a systematic review of literature and provide recommendations to public health decision makers, the review team found that transferring juveniles to the adult justice system generally increases, rather than decreases, rates of violence among transferred youth. Evidence was insufficient for the Task Force on Community Preventive Services to determine the effect of such laws and policies in reducing violent behavior in the overall juvenile population. Overall, the Task Force recommends against laws or policies facilitating the transfer of juveniles from the juvenile to the adult judicial system for the purpose of reducing violence.
机译：指导制定《社区预防服务指南》（《社区指南》）的独立，非联邦的社区预防服务工作组（任务组）已对有关促进转让的法律和政策有效性的已发表科学证据进行了系统的审查预防或减少暴力（1）在经历成人犯罪制度的青年中或（2）在整个少年人口中的暴力行为。这篇评论着重于人际暴力。暴力可能导致少年被初步逮捕并进入司法系统，对于被捕者，可能在退出司法系统后再犯。这里的移送定义为逮捕后将未满18岁的未成年人置于成人刑事司法系统而非少年司法系统的管辖之下。审查小组使用《社区指南》开发的方法对文献进行系统的审查并向公共卫生决策者提供建议，发现将青少年转移到成人司法系统中通常会增加而不是减少转移青年中的暴力发生率。社区预防服务工作队没有足够的证据确定此类法律和政策对减少整个未成年人的暴力行为的影响。总体而言，工作队建议反对旨在将少年从少年移交给成年人司法系统的法律或政策，以减少暴力。

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