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首页> 外文期刊>American journal of primatology >The response of the frugivorous lion-tailed macaque (Macaca silenus) to a period of fruit scarcity
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The response of the frugivorous lion-tailed macaque (Macaca silenus) to a period of fruit scarcity

机译：节食的狮子尾猕猴（Macaca silenus）对水果缺乏期的响应

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摘要

Tropical rainforests show seasonal fluctuations in the abundance of fruits resulting in periods of resource scarcity for frugivores. We examined the response of an obligate frugivore, the lion-tailed macaque (LTM) (Macaca silenus), to a period of fruit scarcity in a rainforest in the Western Ghats, India. We estimated the abundance and distribution of fruit resources from food tree densities obtained from 348 point centered quadrats, and fruit availability from phenological monitoring of 195 trees of 15 reported major food species. Macronutrient content was estimated for fruits of 15 major food species. We estimated time spent feeding on different food items from 1,853 individual scans spanning 120hr of observation of one habituated study group. There was a distinct period of fruit scarcity during the drier months of February to mid-March (Period 1) compared with late March and April (Period 2), separated by summer showers. Fruits available in Period 1 had lower soluble carbohydrate and lipid content and overall caloric value compared with Period 2. During the lean period, the LTM fed more on fruits of Drypetes wightii, which had the highest carbohydrate content, than on nectar of Palaquium ellipticum or Ficus spp., which had low carbohydrate content. During this period, the resource availability in a location significantly influenced the occurrence of feeding there. In Period 2, the group fed most on the seeds of Cullenia exarillata, the most abundant tree in the home-range and with the highest content of soluble carbohydrates. During this period, the abundance of food trees in fruit in a location did not seem to influence the occurrence of feeding. Low abundance, stochastic fruiting and, low quality might make Ficus spp. a poor fallback option for the LTM.
机译：热带雨林显示出丰富的水果季节性波动，导致食肉动物资源短缺。我们研究了印度西高止山脉雨林中专性节食动物狮子尾猕猴（LTM）（Macaca silenus）对水果短缺时期的反应。我们从348个点居中的四足动物获得的食物树密度中估计了水果资源的丰富度和分布，并且通过对15种主要食物物种的195棵树进行了物候监测，估计了水果的可用性。估计了15种主要食品的水果中的大量营养素含量。我们通过对一个习惯性研究组进行120个小时的观察（共进行了120个小时的观察），从1853次个体扫描中估计了喂养不同食物所需的时间。与3月下旬和4月下旬（期间2）相比，2月至3月中旬（期间1）的干旱月份有一个明显的水果短缺时期，夏季阵雨隔开。与时期2相比，时期1中可获得的水果具有较低的可溶性碳水化合物和脂质含量以及总热量值。在贫瘠时期，LTM饲喂碳水化合物含量最高的Wrypetes wightii的果实要多于白宫或花蜜。榕属植物，其碳水化合物含量低。在此期间，某个位置的资源可用性显着影响了那里进食的发生。在第2期中，该组的采食量最多的是美洲锦鸡儿（Cullenia exarillata）的种子，该种是家庭范围内最丰富的树，可溶性碳水化合物含量最高。在此期间，某个地点水果中的食用树木丰富似乎并未影响进食的发生。低丰度，随机结果和低质量可能会导致榕树种。 LTM的后备选项很差。

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