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首页> 外文期刊>American journal of primatology >Of bonds and boundaries: What is the modern role of anthropomorphism in primatological studies?
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Of bonds and boundaries: What is the modern role of anthropomorphism in primatological studies?

机译：关系与界限：拟人化在灵长类动物研究中的现代作用是什么？

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摘要

Anthropomorphism (and its obverse, zoomorphism) continues to shift and propel us toward changing perspectives on ourselves and other animals. Discussions of anthropomorphism in primate behavior are ostensibly about our use and definition of terms, but ultimately reflect our views of what is unique to humans or unknowable in other animals. Primatologists doing long-term fieldwork report on the bonds that are inevitably formed through familiarity with their study subjects and how anecdotes and anthropomorphism help them to gain a contextualized view of animal lives. This fuller view of animal society serves as an aid to understanding different rationalities and provides a more effective modern role for anthropomorphism than does seeking to demonstrate isomorphic capacities in alloprimates. Although most ordinary language terms are accepted among primatologists, "primate culture" serves as an example of a term and a concept that overreached acceptable anthropomorphic limits when defined to accord with definitions of modern human culture. Comparing similar behavioral forms as the product of similar selective pressures acting on specific early traits, producing homoplasies through convergent evolution, provides a nonanthropomorphic basis for seeking similarities in human and alloprimate behavior.
机译：拟人化（及其正面，人形）继续改变并推动我们朝着对自己和其他动物的看法变化。关于灵长类动物行为拟人化的讨论表面上是关于我们对术语的使用和定义，但最终反映了我们对人类独特或其他动物不可知的事物的看法。从事长期野外工作的灵长类动物学家报告了通过熟悉他们的研究对象而不可避免地形成的联系，以及轶事和拟人化如何帮助他们获得有关动物生活的背景信息。对动物社会的这种较全面的了解有助于理解不同的理性，并且比拟证明同质灵长类动物的同构能力提供了更有效的现代拟人作用。尽管灵长类动物学家接受了大多数普通语言术语，但“灵长类动物文化”只是一个术语和概念的示例，当其定义与现代人类文化的定义相符时，其超出了可接受的拟人化极限。将相似的行为形式与作用于特定早期特征的相似选择压力的乘积进行比较，通过趋同进化产生同质异型，为寻求人类和同灵长类动物行为的相似性提供了非拟人化基础。

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