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首页> 外文期刊>American journal of primatology >Effect of Ancestry on Behavioral Variation in Two Species of Howler Monkeys(Alouatta pigra and A. palliata) and Their Hybrids
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Effect of Ancestry on Behavioral Variation in Two Species of Howler Monkeys(Alouatta pigra and A. palliata) and Their Hybrids

机译：祖先对两种ler猴（Alouatta pigra和A. palliata）及其杂交动物行为变异的影响

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Social differences between primate species may result from both flexible responses to current conditions or fixed differences across taxa, yet we know little about the relative importance of these factors. Here, we take advantage of a naturally occurring hybrid zone in Tabasco, Mexico to characterize the variation in social structure among two endangered howler monkey species, Alouatta pigra and A. palliata, and their hybrids. Work in pure populations has suggested that A. pigra females maintain closer proximity, exhibit higher rates of affiliation, and lower rates of agonism than A. palliata females, but we do not know what accounts for this difference. Using identical data collection and analysis methods across three populations, we first seek to confirm previously reported interspecific differences in social structure across all sexes. We next examine: (1) how female social relationships changed with ancestry (by comparing pure and hybrid individuals); (2) how female social relationships changed with group size (A. pigra have smaller groups than A. palliata); and (3) whether female social relationships differed between two taxonomic groups within a single forest fragment (thus controlling for ecological variation). We confirmed previously described species differences, including closer proximity among females than among males in all populations. We also found that smaller groups maintained closer proximity. However, even after accounting for variation in group size, A. pigra females had closer proximity and more affiliation than A. palliata females. Furthermore, differences between pigra‐like and palliata‐like hybrids paralleled differences between pure populations and persisted even after controlling for ecological variation. Together, our results suggest that flexibility cannot account for all of the social differences between A. pigra and A. palliata and indicate an important genetic component in primate social behavior. Am. J. Primatol. 76:855–867, 2014.
机译：灵长类动物之间的社会差异可能是由于对当前条件的灵活反应或整个分类单元之间的固定差异所致，但我们对这些因素的相对重要性知之甚少。在这里，我们利用墨西哥塔巴斯科州的一个自然杂交区来描述两种濒临灭绝的吼猴（Alouatta pigra和A. palliata）及其杂种的社会结构变化。在纯种群中进行的研究表明，比起拟南芥雌性，A。Pigra雌性动物保持更近的亲密关系，更高的隶属率和更低的激动率，但是我们不知道是什么原因造成的。我们使用跨三个人群的相同数据收集和分析方法，首先试图确认先前报道的所有性别的社会结构种间差异。接下来，我们研究：（1）女性社会关系是如何随着祖先而变化的（通过比较纯净的和混合的个体）; （2）女性社会关系如何随着群体规模的变化而变化（A. pigra的群体要小于A. palliata）; （3）在一个森林碎片内的两个生物分类群之间女性社会关系是否存在差异（从而控制了生态变化）。我们证实了先前描述的物种差异，包括所有种群中女性之间的距离比男性之间的距离近。我们还发现，较小的群体保持了更近的距离。然而，即使考虑到群体大小的差异，比起拟南芥雌性，A。Pigra雌性的亲近性和亲缘关系也更大。此外，似猪和类似li的杂种之间的差异平行于纯种群之间的差异，并且即使在控制了生态变化之后仍然存在。在一起，我们的结果表明，灵活性不能解释猪舍和苍术之间的所有社会差异，并表明灵长类动物社会行为中的重要遗传成分。上午。 J. Primatol。 76：855–867，2014年。

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