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首页> 外文期刊>American journal of primatology >Reciprocation and interchange in wild Japanese macaques: Grooming, cofeeding, and agonistic support
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Reciprocation and interchange in wild Japanese macaques: Grooming, cofeeding, and agonistic support

机译：野生日本猕猴的往复和交换：梳理，共同喂食和激动支持

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Social primates spend a significant proportion of their time exchanging grooming with their group companions. Although grooming is mainly exchanged in kind, given its hygienic and tension-reducing functions, it is still debated whether grooming also provides some social benefits, such as preferential access to resources (e.g., food or mating partners). In this study we analyzed grooming distribution among wild female Japanese macaques living in two groups on Yakushima. We tested the tendency of monkeys to reciprocate the amount of grooming received, and to direct their grooming up the hierarchy. Then we analyzed the relation of grooming to three of its possible benefits: reduced aggression, increased tolerance over food, and agonistic support against a male aggressor. The data were analyzed by means of row-wise matrix correlations. Grooming was highly reciprocated (i.e., exchanged in kind) and directed up the hierarchy in both the study groups. No significant relationship was found between grooming and aggression. Conversely, grooming favored tolerance over food, since it was positively correlated with presence on the same food patch, close proximity, and close approaches (both within I m) during feeding. Grooming was also positively related to agonistic support against adult males, although this relationship became nonsignificant when we controlled for kinship. Although these results are not definitive, they suggest that monkeys may derive various social benefits from grooming. This conclusion is supported by the fact that in various primate species animals tend to prefer high-ranking individuals as grooming partners.
机译：灵长类动物花费大量时间与同伴交换美容。尽管修饰主要以实物交换，但鉴于其具有卫生和减轻紧张的功能，但仍在辩论修饰是否还提供一些社会福利，例如优先获得资源（例如食物或交配伴侣）。在这项研究中，我们分析了居住在屋久岛两组中的野生日本猕猴之间的梳理分布。我们测试了猴子回馈接受的修饰数量并指导其修饰等级的趋势。然后，我们分析了修饰与它可能带来的三个好处的关系：减少侵略，增加对食物的耐受性以及对男性侵略者的激动支持。通过行矩阵相关性分析数据。修饰是高度可交换的（即，以实物交换），并且在两个研究组中都指导着等级制度。在修饰和攻击之间没有发现显着的关系。相反，梳理比食物更能容忍，因为在进食过程中，容忍与同一个食物补丁，紧密接近和接近进食（均在1 m之内）呈正相关。修饰与对成年男性的激动支持也呈正相关，尽管当我们控制亲属关系时，这种关系变得无关紧要。尽管这些结果不是确定的，但它们表明猴子可以通过修饰获得各种社会效益。这一结论得到以下事实的支持：在各种灵长类动物中，动物倾向于偏爱高级个体作为美容伴侣。

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