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首页> 外文期刊>American journal of primatology >A cross-setting study of chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) personality structure and development: Zoological parks and Yerkes National Primate Research Center
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A cross-setting study of chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) personality structure and development: Zoological parks and Yerkes National Primate Research Center

机译：黑猩猩（盘尾类动物）人格结构与发育的交叉研究：动物公园和耶克斯国家灵长类动物研究中心

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This study addressed whether personality ratings using a 43 adjective questionnaire based on the Five-Factor Model generalized from a sample of 202 zoo-housed chimpanzees to a sample of 175 chimpanzees housed in Yerkes National Primate Research Center. Mean interrater reliabilities of adjectival ratings were lower for the chimpanzees housed in Yerkes. In addition, rank order of the interrater reliabilities of items differed between settings. To compare factor structure, we first examined whether we could replicate the original six factor structure found in an earlier study of 100 zoo chimpanzees using principal factors analysis in the Yerkes sample and 102 new zoo chimpanzees. The dominance, extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness factors were clearly replicated in the Yerkes sample and the 102 new zoo chimpanzees. The Neuroticism and Openness factors did not replicate in the Yerkes sample, but they also did not replicate in the new zoo chimpanzees. These findings suggest the need to sample more adjectives representing neuroticism and openness in future versions of the questionnaire. We next sought to determine whether factor structure, as determined by principal components analysis, remained invariant across the two settings. This analysis revealed dominance, extraversion, conscientiousness, and agreeableness factors in both settings and a high level of congruence between the zoo and Yerkes samples for these factors. Finally, we tested whether factor scores in the two samples were similarly related to age and sex. With the exception of differences in age effects for dominance and agreeableness, age, and sex effects were consistent across samples. These findings suggest that, whereas there may be differences in the ease with which ratings are made, personality structure, and development are largely consistent across widely differing settings.
机译：这项研究探讨了是否使用基于五因素模型的43个形容词问卷对人格等级进行了评估，该问卷从202个动物园饲养的黑猩猩的样本推广到Yerkes国家灵长类动物研究中心饲养的175个黑猩猩的样本。耶克斯（Yerkes）内的黑猩猩的形容词等级平均平均信度较低。另外，项目的人际可靠性的等级顺序在设置之间不同。为了比较因子结构，我们首先使用Yerkes样本中的主因子分析和102个新的动物园黑猩猩，研究了我们是否可以复制早期研究的100个动物园黑猩猩中的原始六个因子结构。在Yerkes样本和102只新的动物园黑猩猩中清楚地复制了优势，外向性，尽责性和令人满意的因素。神经质和开放性因子在Yerkes样本中没有复制，但在新的动物园黑猩猩中也没有复制。这些发现表明，在未来版本的问卷中，需要对代表神经质和开放性的更多形容词进行抽样。接下来，我们试图确定通过主成分分析确定的因子结构在两个设置中是否保持不变。这项分析揭示了在两种情况下的主导，外向性，尽责性和令人愉快的因素，并且动物园和Yerkes样本之间对于这些因素的高度一致性。最后，我们测试了两个样本中的因子得分是否与年龄和性别相似。除了在年龄和支配性方面的年龄效应差异外，各个样本的年龄和性别效应均一致。这些发现表明，尽管进行评分的难易程度可能有所不同，但人格结构和发展在很大程度上不同的环境中基本保持一致。

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