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首页> 外文期刊>American journal of primatology >Are Howler Monkey Species Ecologically Equivalent? Trophic Niche Overlap in Syntopic Alouatta guariba clamitans and Alouatta caraya
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Are Howler Monkey Species Ecologically Equivalent? Trophic Niche Overlap in Syntopic Alouatta guariba clamitans and Alouatta caraya

机译：How猴物种在生态上是否等效？对立Alouatta瓜ariba clamitans和Alouatta caraya的营养性利基重叠

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摘要

According to the principle of competitive exclusion, niche differentiation allows the stable coexistence of closely related species. We analyzed dietary profile and diversity, and dietary overlap between syntopic brown howlers (BR; Alouatta guariba clamitans) and black and gold howlers (BLG; A. caraya) in the Atlantic Forest of NE Argentina, with the objective of evaluating the degree of trophic niche overlap and potential interspecific competition for food. During 12 months, we collected data on feeding behavior of two groups of each howler species using the scan sampling method, together with data on food availability. Both at the group- and species-level, we analyzed feeding behavior in terms of monthly percentages of time spent feeding on each food type and specific food item, dietary diversity (Shannon index IT), and we estimated dietary overlap using the percentage index and the Morisita-Horn index (C-H). Across months, both howlers showed species-specific preferences for certain food items, and BLG had a more diverse diet (mean +/- SE, H' = 2.77 +/- 0.08) than BR (H' = 2.39 +/- 0.09). However, diets of both species overlapped extensively (percentage index = 45.64 +/- 2.97%; C-H = 0.6 +/- 0.05) and diets of conspecific groups did not overlap more than diets of groups of different species. Given their high degree of trophic overlap, syntopic BR and BLG meet one of the conditions necessary for interspecific food competition to occur. Although at present we lack direct evidence for interspecific competition in these howler species, we conclude that high levels of niche overlap may have an important role in maintaining the essentially parapatric distribution of howler species throughout the Neotropics.
机译：根据竞争排斥的原理，生态位分化允许密切相关物种的稳定共存。我们分析了东北阿根廷东北森林的棕褐吼（BR; Alouatta guariba clamitans）与黑金吼（BLG; A。caraya）之间的饮食分布和多样性以及饮食重叠，目的是评估营养程度生态位重叠和潜在的种间竞争。在12个月中，我们使用扫描采样方法收集了两组how叫动物的摄食行为数据，以及食物供应量数据。在群体一级和物种一级，我们根据每种食物类型和特定食品的每月进食时间百分比，饮食多样性（Shannon指数IT）来分析饮食行为，并使用百分比指数和Morisita-Horn指数（CH）。在整个月中，两个咆哮者均对某些食品表现出特定物种的偏爱，并且BLG的饮食结构比BR（H'= 2.39 +/- 0.09）更为多样化（平均+/- SE，H'= 2.77 +/- 0.08）。 。但是，两种物种的饮食都有很大的重叠（百分比指数= 45.64 +/- 2.97％; C-H = 0.6 +/- 0.05），同种组的饮食没有重叠超过不同物种的饮食。鉴于它们的高度营养重叠，对位BR和BLG满足发生种间食物竞争所必需的条件之一。尽管目前我们尚无直接证据证明这些how叫物种之间存在种间竞争，但我们得出的结论是，高水平的利基重叠可能在维持整个新热带地区species叫物种的基本属父系分布方面具有重要作用。

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