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首页> 外文期刊>American journal of primatology >Thermal Consequences of Increased Pelt Loft Infer an Additional Utilitarian Function for Grooming
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Thermal Consequences of Increased Pelt Loft Infer an Additional Utilitarian Function for Grooming

机译：皮棉阁楼增加的热影响推断出用于修饰的附加功利函数

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A strong case has been made that the primary function of grooming is hygienic. Nevertheless, its persistence in the absence of hygienic demand, and its obvious tactical importance to members of primate groups, underpins the view that grooming has become uncoupled from its utilitarian objectives and is now principally of social benefit. We identify improved thermoregulatory function as a previously unexplored benefit of grooming and so broaden our understanding of the utilitarian function of this behavior. Deriving the maximum thermal benefits from the pelt requires that it be kept clean and that the loft of the pelt is maintained (i.e., greater pelt depth), both of which can be achieved by grooming. In a series of wind-tunnel experiments, we measured the heat transfer characteristics of vervet monkey (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) pelts in the presence and absence of backcombing, which we used as a proxy for grooming. Our data indicate that backcombed pelts have improved thermal performance, offering significantly better insulation than flattened pelts and, hence, better protection from the cold. Backcombed pelts also had significantly lower radiant heat loads compared to flattened pelts, providing improved protection from radiant heat. Such thermal benefits, therefore, furnish grooming with an additional practical value to which its social use is anchored. Given the link between thermoregulatory ability and energy expenditure, our findings suggest that grooming for thermal benefits may be an important explanatory variable in the relationship between levels of sociability and individual fitness. (C) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
机译：强有力的证据表明，梳理的主要功能是卫生的。尽管如此，它在缺乏卫生需求的情况下的坚持以及对灵长类动物成员的明显战术重要性，都支撑着这样一种观点，即修饰已经脱离了其功利目标，现在主要具有社会效益。我们发现改进的体温调节功能是梳理以前无法开发的优势，因此拓宽了我们对该行为的功利性功能的理解。从毛皮获得最大的热效益需要保持毛皮清洁并保持毛皮的蓬松度（即，更大的毛皮深度），这两者都可以通过修饰来实现。在一系列风洞实验中，我们测量了存在和不存在反向梳理的黑长尾小猴（Chlorocebus pygerythrus）兽皮的传热特性，我们将其用作修饰的代理。我们的数据表明，回梳皮具有更好的热性能，比扁平皮具有更好的隔热性，因此可以更好地抵御寒冷。与扁平兽皮相比，反梳兽皮的辐射热负荷也显着降低，从而提供了更好的辐射热防护。因此，这种热效益为梳理提供了附加的实用价值，使其具有社会用途。考虑到体温调节能力和能量消耗之间的联系，我们的研究结果表明，为热效益进行梳理可能是社交能力与个体适应性之间关系的重要解释变量。 （C）2015年Wiley Periodicals，Inc.

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