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首页> 外文期刊>American journal of physics >Determining the eccentricity of the Moon's orbit without a telescope
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Determining the eccentricity of the Moon's orbit without a telescope

机译：在没有望远镜的情况下确定月球轨道的偏心率

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Prior to the invention of the telescope many astronomers worked out models of the motion of the Moon to predict the position of the Moon in the sky. These geometrical models implied a certain range of distances of the Moon from Earth. Ptolemy's most quoted model predicted that the Moon was nearly twice as far away at apogee than at perigee. Measurements of the angular size of the Moon were within the capabilities of pretelescopic astronomers. Such measurements could have helped refine the models of the motion of the Moon, but hardly anyone seems to have made any measurements that have come down to us. We use a piece of cardboard with a small hole in it which slides up and down a yardstick to show that it is possible to determine the eccentricity ε{lunate}≈0.039±0.006 of the Moon's orbit. A typical measurement uncertainty of the Moon's angular size is ±0.8 arc min. Because the Moon's angular size ranges from 29.4 to 33.5 arc min, carefully taken naked eye data are accurate enough to demonstrate periodic variations of the Moon's angular size.
机译：在望远镜发明之前，许多天文学家都制定了月球运动模型来预测月球在天空中的位置。这些几何模型暗示着月球距地球一定的距离范围。托勒密引用最多的模型预测，月球在远地点的距离几乎是近地点的两倍。月亮角大小的测量在望远镜前天文学家的能力范围内。这样的测量本来可以帮助完善月球运动的模型，但是几乎没有人似乎对我们进行过任何测量。我们使用一块带有小孔的硬纸板，该硬纸板可在一根准尺上上下滑动，以表明可以确定月球轨道的偏心率ε{lunate}≈0.039±0.006。月球角度大小的典型测量不确定度为±0.8弧分最小值。由于月球的角度大小范围为29.4至33.5 arc min，因此，仔细观察的裸眼数据足够准确，足以证明月球角度大小的周期性变化。

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