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首页> 外文期刊>Allergy >Have the prevalence and incidence of occupational asthma and rhinitis because of laboratory animals declined in the last 25 years?
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Have the prevalence and incidence of occupational asthma and rhinitis because of laboratory animals declined in the last 25 years?

机译：在过去25年中，由于实验动物引起的职业性哮喘和鼻炎的患病率和发病率是否有所下降？

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BACKGROUND: Data for time trends in the prevalence of occupational asthma (OA) and rhinitis (OR) are not known. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence and incidence of OA and OR over time. METHODS: We chose to review studies on the prevalence and incidence of OA and OR due to laboratory animals (LA) as a marker of changing OA and OR patterns over time and analysed 15 cross-sectional and 4 longitudinal studies published from 1980 to 2006. RESULTS: The estimated prevalence of OA, defined as work-related chest symptoms (WRCS), declined from 8.2% in 1976 to 4.2% in 2001 (P < 0.005). When defined by WRCS and positive skin prick test (SPT) to LA, the estimated prevalence of OA was 6.7% in 1977 and 2.9% in 1999 (P < 0.02). The prevalence of OR, defined by WRNS or WRNS and SPT to LA, was not related to study date but was inversely associated with mean exposure duration. In four longitudinal studies no clear trend emerged over time. CONCLUSIONS: This review suggests a trend toward a progressive decline in the prevalence of occupational asthma due to laboratory animals, which may be due to the reduction of exposure since the early 1980s. A further reduction of exposure is needed to prevent the onset of occupational rhinitis.
机译：背景：关于职业性哮喘（OA）和鼻炎（OR）患病率的时间趋势数据尚不清楚。目的：调查OA和OR随时间推移的患病率和发病率。方法：我们选择回顾关于实验动物（LA）导致的OA和OR患病率和发病率的研究，作为随时间变化的OA和OR模式的标志，并分析了1980年至2006年发表的15篇横断面研究和4篇纵向研究。结果：OA的估计患病率（定义为与工作有关的胸部症状（WRCS））从1976年的8.2％下降到2001年的4.2％（P <0.005）。当通过WRCS和对洛杉矶的阳性皮肤点刺试验（SPT）进行定义时，估计的OA患病率在1977年为6.7％，在1999年为2.9％（P <0.02）。 WRNS或WRNS和SPT对LA定义的OR患病率与研究日期无关，但与平均接触时间成反比。在四项纵向研究中，随着时间的推移，没有出现明显的趋势。结论：这项审查表明，由于实验动物引起的职业性哮喘患病率呈逐步下降的趋势，这可能是由于自1980年代初以来接触量的减少。需要进一步减少接触以预防职业性鼻炎的发作。

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