After failed attempts by the international community to settle peacefully the escalating conflict in Kosovo between Serbian and Kosovar Albanian forces during 1998 and 1999, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), on March23, 1999, following a decision of its North Atlantic Council, announced the beginning of air strikes on the territory of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY). In the course of these strikes, which lasted through early June 1999, a NATO aircraft launched a missile that destroyed a building of the Serbian radio and television station "Radio Televizije Srbije" (RTS), operating mainly from Belgrade. In Bankovic v. Belgium (Admissibility), the applicants included one person who was injured in that particular attack and five relatives of the sixteen persons who died in the attack. The European Court of Human Rights decided that the applications were inadmissible against Belgium and sixteen other contracting parties to the European Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms; the extraterritorial acts in question did not bring the applicants and their deceased relatives under the "jurisdiction" of the respondent states as required by Convention Article 1. With respect to the "ordinary meaning" of the phrase "within their jurisdiction" in public international law, the Court observed that the jurisdictional competence of a state, while not excluding extraterritorial acts per se, is essentially territorial in nature and hence limited by the sovereign territorial rights of other states. In its view, "Article 1 of the Convention must be considered to reflect this ordinary and essentially territorial notion of jurisdiction, other bases of jurisdiction being exceptional and requiring special justification in the particular circumstances of each case."
展开▼
机译：在国际社会未能成功解决塞尔维亚和科索沃阿尔巴尼亚部队在1998年和1999年间在科索沃不断升级的冲突的失败尝试之后，北大西洋公约组织（北约）在其北大西洋理事会的决定于1999年3月23日宣布开始对南斯拉夫联盟共和国（FRY）进行空袭。在持续到1999年6月初的这些罢工中，一枚北约飞机发射了一枚导弹，摧毁了主要在贝尔格莱德运行的塞尔维亚广播电视台“ Radio Televizije Srbije”电台的建筑物。在Bankovic诉比利时案（可受理性）中，申请人包括在该次袭击中受伤的一名人员和在袭击中死亡的十六人中的五名亲戚。欧洲人权法院裁定，对比利时和《欧洲保护人权与基本自由公约》的其他十六个缔约国的申请不予受理;有关域外行为并未使申请人及其死者的亲属受到《公约》第一条要求的被告国“管辖”。关于国际公法中“其管辖范围内”一词的“一般含义”法院指出，一国的管辖权虽然不排除域外行为本身，但本质上是领土性的，因此受到其他国家主权领土权利的限制。它认为，“必须考虑到《公约》第1条，以反映这一普通的，基本上是领土的管辖权概念，其他管辖权基础是例外的，并在每种情况下都需要特殊的理由。”
展开▼
