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首页> 外文期刊>Allergy >Can we identify patients at risk of life-threatening allergic reactions to food?
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Can we identify patients at risk of life-threatening allergic reactions to food?

机译：我们是否可以识别出可能威胁生命的食物过敏反应的患者？

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Anaphylaxis has been defined as a severe, life-threatening generalized or systemic hypersensitivity reaction'. However, data indicate that the vast majority of food-triggered anaphylactic reactions are not life-threatening. Nonetheless, severe life-threatening reactions do occur and are unpredictable. We discuss the concepts surrounding perceptions of severe, life-threatening allergic reactions to food by different stakeholders, with particular reference to the inclusion of clinical severity as a factor in allergy and allergen risk management. We review the evidence regarding factors that might be used to identify those at most risk of severe allergic reactions to food, and the consequences of misinformation in this regard. For example, a significant proportion of food-allergic children also have asthma, yet almost none will experience a fatal food-allergic reaction; asthma is not, in itself, a strong predictor for fatal anaphylaxis. The relationship between dose of allergen exposure and symptom severity is unclear. While dose appears to be a risk factor in at least a subgroup of patients, studies report that individuals with prior anaphylaxis do not have a lower eliciting dose than those reporting previous mild reactions. It is therefore important to consider severity and sensitivity as separate factors, as a highly sensitive individual will not necessarily experience severe symptoms during an allergic reaction. We identify the knowledge gaps that need to be addressed to improve our ability to better identify those most at risk of severe food-induced allergic reactions.
机译：过敏反应已定义为严重的，威胁生命的全身性或全身性超敏反应。但是，数据表明，绝大多数由食物触发的过敏反应不会危及生命。但是，确实会发生严重的威胁生命的反应，而且这种反应是不可预测的。我们讨论了围绕不同利益相关者对食物的严重，威胁生命的过敏反应的看法的概念，尤其涉及将临床严重性纳入过敏和过敏原风险管理的一个因素。我们审查了有关可能用于识别对食物有严重过敏反应风险最大的因素的证据，以及有关这方面的错误信息的后果。例如，相当一部分对食物过敏的儿童也患有哮喘，但几乎没有人会经历致命的食物过敏反应。哮喘本身并不是致命过敏反应的强力预测指标。过敏原暴露剂量与症状严重程度之间的关系尚不清楚。尽管剂量似乎是至少一部分患者的危险因素，但研究报告说，先兆过敏患者的引诱剂量并不比那些先有轻度反应的患者更低。因此，重要的是将严重程度和敏感性视为单独的因素，因为高度敏感的个体在过敏反应期间不一定会经历严重的症状。我们确定了需要解决的知识空白，以提高我们的能力，以便更好地识别那些最有可能遭受严重食物诱发的过敏反应的人。

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