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Synthesis of fluorine compounds based on special properties of fluorine compounds

机译:基于氟化合物的特殊性质的氟化合物的合成

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This review describes new syntheses of organofluorine compounds taking advantage of the special properties of fluorine compounds as synthones. The main reactions presented are as follows: 1) Trifluoromethylation of aryl or alkyl halides. Application of this reaction for the synthesis of fluorine analogues of nucleic acid bases is discussed. 2) Some syntheses of trifluoromethyl compounds using the Diels-Alder or the 1,3-dipolar reaction, trifluoromethylated carbene, and photoreaction. 3) The Friedel-Crafts reaction of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene, where linear alkylation occurs due to electronic effect of the trifluoromethyl group in good contrast with the Friedel-Crafts reaction of propene. 4) The ene reaction of trifluoromethylated carbonyl compounds, which work as good enophiles. Application of this reaction to the synthesis of trifluoro analogues of terpenes is discussed. 5) The ene reaction of trifluoromethylated imines. 6) Reaction of halothane, which has a highly acidic hydrogen and two halogens adjacent to the trifluoromethyl group and shows interesting reactivities with various bases and metals to give products with unexpected structures. 7) Reaction of 2-bromo-2,2-difluoroacetate with Cu, where the cross-coupling reaction, Michael-type reaction, and radical reaction for different types of difluoroacetates are presented. 8) Reaction of 2-bromo-2,2-difluoroacetate in the presence of Rh catalyst. This reaction provided a new methodology for the introduction of fluoroalkyl substituents to the alpha-position of alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones. The Rh catalyst solved some difficulties in the introduction of difluoroacetate to carbonyl compounds (Reformatsky reaction). Application of this reaction to imines provided easy access to beta,beta-difluoro-beta-lactams.
机译:该综述描述了利用氟化合物作为合成酮的特殊性质的有机氟化合物的新合成。提出的主要反应如下:1)芳基或烷基卤化物的三氟甲基化。讨论了该反应对合成核酸碱基的氟类似物。 2)使用Diels-Alder或1,3-偶极反应,三氟甲基化的卡宾和光反应的一些合成三氟甲基化合物。 3)3,3,3-三氟丙烯的Friedel-Crafts反应,其中线性烷基化由于三氟甲基的电子效应与丙烯的Friedel-Crafts反应良好的对比。 4)三氟甲基化的羰基化合物的烯丙基反应,其作为良好的促进剂。讨论了这种反应对三萜类物的合成的应用。 5)三氟甲基化亚胺的烯丙基反应。 6)氟烷的反应,其具有高度酸性的氢气和与三氟甲基相邻的两个卤素,并显示出各种碱和金属的有趣的反应性,以使产品具有意外的结构。 7)2-溴-2,2-二氟乙酸酯与Cu的反应,其中呈递交叉偶联反应,迈克尔型反应和不同类型二氟乙酸酯的反应。 8)在RH催化剂存在下2-溴-2,2-二氟乙酸酯的反应。该反应提供了一种新方法,用于将氟代烷基取代基引入α-不饱和酮的α-位置。 RH催化剂在引入二氟乙酸酯中解决了一些困难(重新格雷特基反应)。这种反应在亚胺中的应用提供了易于进入β,β-二氟-β-内酰胺。

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