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首页> 外文期刊>Aging cell. >Sex-specific effects of protein and carbohydrate intake on reproduction but not lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster
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Sex-specific effects of protein and carbohydrate intake on reproduction but not lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster

机译：果蝇摄入蛋白质和碳水化合物对繁殖的性别特异性影响，而非寿命

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Modest dietary restriction extends lifespan (LS) in a diverse range of taxa and typically has a larger effect in females than males. Traditionally, this has been attributed to a stronger trade-off between LS and reproduction in females than in males that is mediated by the intake of calories. Recent studies, however, suggest that it is the intake of specific nutrients that extends LS and mediates this trade-off. Here, we used the geometric framework (GF) to examine the sex-specific effects of protein (P) and carbohydrate (C) intake on LS and reproduction in Drosophila melanogaster. We found that LS was maximized at a high intake of C and a low intake of P in both sexes, whereas nutrient intake had divergent effects on reproduction. Male offspring production rate and LS were maximized at the same intake of nutrients, whereas female egg production rate was maximized at a high intake of diets with a P:C ratio of 1:2. This resulted in larger differences in nutrient-dependent optima for LS and reproduction in females than in males, as well as an optimal intake of nutrients for lifetime reproduction that differed between the sexes. Under dietary choice, the sexes followed similar feeding trajectories regulated around a P:C ratio of 1:4. Consequently, neither sex reached their nutritional optimum for lifetime reproduction, suggesting intralocus sexual conflict over nutrient optimization. Our study shows clear sex differences in the nutritional requirements of reproduction in D.melanogaster and joins the growing list of studies challenging the role of caloric restriction in extending LS.
机译：适度的饮食限制可在各种分类单元中延长寿命（LS），通常对女性的影响要大于男性。传统上，这归因于在LS和生殖之间的权衡取舍于男性，这是由卡路里的摄入介导的。然而，最近的研究表明，正是特定营养素的摄入延长了LS并介导了这种折衷。在这里，我们使用几何框架（GF）来检查蛋白质（P）和碳水化合物（C）摄入对黑斑果蝇（LS）和繁殖的性别特异性影响。我们发现，在两个性别中，高摄入量C和低摄入量P都能使LS最大化，而营养摄入对繁殖有不同的影响。在相同的养分摄入下，雄性后代的产蛋率和LS最大化，而P：C比例为1：2的高饮食量的雌性蛋的产卵率则最大化。与男性相比，雌性对LS和生殖的最佳养分最佳差异更大，并且终生生殖的最佳养分摄入量因性别而异。在饮食选择上，两性遵循相似的喂养轨迹，P：C比率约为1：4。因此，两性都没有达到终生繁殖的最佳营养，这表明位点内性冲突超过了营养优化。我们的研究表明黑腹果蝇生殖营养需求中存在明显的性别差异，并且加入了越来越多的研究，挑战了热量限制在延长LS中的作用。

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