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Operational Experiments for Sustainably Managing Forests

机译：可持续管理森林的操作实验

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摘要

Historically, applied manipulative studies of forests have tested the ability of specific silvicultural treatments to address wood production objectives. Changing societal values now demand expanded approaches to forest management that also integratesocial, ecological, and economic goals. As a result, many recent (past decade) experimental manipulations have become multi-disciplinary in scope and approach and involve restorative treatments, novel silvicultural approaches or variants of more traditional approaches that are relevant to operational scales. We examine a wide range of manipulative forest ecological experiments that have addressed a variety of responses to changes in forest structure or function. The silvicultural treatments employed inthese experiments were oftentimes designed by interdisciplinary teams (e.g., forest ecologists, sociologists, biologists, economists, and silviculturists) with wood production and additional ecological, social or economic objectives as joint outcomes. Individually and collectively these studies represent major investments by research and land management organizations to meet increasing public demands for forests that provide healthy environments for people (clean air and water), support biological diversity (e.g., habitat), and sustain economic productivity (wood or other forest products and jobs).
机译：从历史上看，对森林的应用手法研究已经测试了特定造林方法解决木材生产目标的能力。不断变化的社会价值观现在要求扩大森林管理方法，这些方法还必须整合社会，生态和经济目标。结果，许多最近（过去十年）的实验操作在范围和方法上已成为多学科的，涉及恢复性治疗，新颖的造林方法或与操作规模有关的更传统方法的变体。我们研究了各种各样的操纵性森林生态实验，这些实验解决了对森林结构或功能变化的各种反应。这些实验中采用的造林方法通常是由跨学科团队（例如，森林生态学家，社会学家，生物学家，经济学家和造林家）设计的，以木材生产和其他生态，社会或经济目标作为联合成果。这些研究单独地或集体地代表着研究和土地管理组织的重大投资，以满足日益增长的公众对森林的需求，森林为人们提供健康的环境（清洁的空气和水），支持生物多样性（例如，栖息地），并维持经济生产力（木材或木材）。其他林产品和工作）。

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