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首页> 外文期刊>American Journal of Veterinary Research >Sedative and cardiopulmonary effects of medetomidine hydrochloride and xylazine hydrochloride and their reversal with atipamezole hydrochloride in calves.
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Sedative and cardiopulmonary effects of medetomidine hydrochloride and xylazine hydrochloride and their reversal with atipamezole hydrochloride in calves.

机译：盐酸美托咪定和盐酸赛拉嗪的镇静和心肺作用以及与盐酸阿替哌唑的逆转作用。

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OBJECTIVE: To assess the sedative and cardiopulmonary effects of medetomidine and xylazine and their reversal with atipamezole in calves. ANIMALS: 25 calves. PROCEDURES: A 2-phase (7-day interval) study was performed. Sedative characteristics (phase I) and cardiopulmonary effects (phase II) of medetomidine hydrochloride and xylazine hydrochloride administration followed by atipamezole hydrochloride administration were evaluated. In both phases, calves were randomly allocated to receive 1 of 4 treatments IV: medetomidine (0.03 mg/kg) followed by atipamezole (0.1 mg/kg; n = 6), xylazine (0.3 mg/kg) followed by atipamezole (0.04 mg/kg; 7), medetomidine (0.03 mg/kg) followed by saline (0.9% NaCl; 6) solution (10 mL), and xylazine (0.3 mg/kg) followed by saline solution (10 mL; 6). Atipamezole or saline solution was administered 20 minutes after the first injection. Cardiopulmonary variables were recorded at intervals for 35 minutes after medetomidine or xylazine administration. RESULTS: At the doses evaluated, xylazine and medetomidine induced a similar degree of sedation in calves; however, the duration of medetomidine-associated sedation was longer. Compared with pretreatment values, heart rate, cardiac index, and PaO(2) decreased, whereas central venous pressure, PaCO(2), and pulmonary artery pressures increased with medetomidine or xylazine. Systemic arterial blood pressures and vascular resistance increased with medetomidine and decreased with xylazine. Atipamezole reversed the sedative and most of the cardiopulmonary effects of both drugs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: At these doses, xylazine and medetomidine induced similar degrees of sedation and cardiopulmonary depression in calves, although medetomidine administration resulted in increases in systemic arterial blood pressures. Atipamezole effectively reversed medetomidine- and xylazine-associated sedative and cardiopulmonary effects in calves.
机译：目的：评估美托咪定和甲苯噻嗪的镇静和心肺作用以及阿替哌唑逆转犊牛的镇静和心肺作用。动物：25头小牛。程序：进行了2期（7天间隔）研究。分别评估了盐酸美托咪定和盐酸赛拉嗪的镇静特性（I期）和心肺功能（II期），然后给予盐酸阿替哌唑。在两个阶段中，将犊牛随机分配接受4种治疗IV中的一种：美托咪定（0.03 mg / kg），然后是阿替米唑（0.1 mg / kg; n = 6），甲苯噻嗪（0.3 mg / kg），然后是阿替米唑（0.04 mg / kg; 7），美托咪定（0.03mg / kg），接着是盐水（0.9％NaCl; 6）溶液（10mL），和甲苯噻嗪（0.3mg / kg），接着是盐溶液（10mL; 6）。第一次注射后20分钟给药阿替咪唑或盐溶液。美托咪定或甲苯噻嗪给药后每隔35分钟记录一次心肺变量。结果：在所评估的剂量下，赛拉嗪和美托咪定在犊牛中引起了相似程度的镇静作用。但是，与美托咪定有关的镇静时间较长。与预处理值相比，美托咪定或甲苯噻嗪可使心率，心脏指数和PaO（2）降低，而中心静脉压PaCO（2）和肺动脉压升高。美托咪定使全身动脉血压和血管阻力增加，而赛拉嗪则降低。 Atipamezole逆转了这两种药物的镇静作用和大部分心肺作用。结论和临床意义：尽管服用美托咪定会导致全身动脉血压升高，但在这些剂量下，赛拉嗪和美托咪定可引起类似程度的镇静作用和心肺抑制。 Atipamezole可有效逆转犊牛的美托咪定和甲苯噻嗪相关的镇静和心肺作用。

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