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首页> 外文期刊>American Zoologist >Evolution of Hoxa-11 expression in amphibians: Is the urodele autopodiuman innovation?
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Evolution of Hoxa-11 expression in amphibians: Is the urodele autopodiuman innovation?

机译：两栖动物Hoxa-11表达的演变：urodele autopodiuman创新吗？

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In this paper we present preliminary results on the expression of Hoxa-11 in the frog Xenopus laevis and the newt Notophthalmus viridescens. hi amniote limbs, Horn-II is expressed exclusively in the prospective zeugopodium and is involved in the development of zeugopodial character identity. While the Horn-II expression pattern in Xenopus is similar to those described in mice and chick, the newt Notophthalmus has a phase of autopodial Horn-II expression starting with the development of digit III. Expression is particularly strong in the buds of the postaxial digits. This Horn-II expression pattern is unique among tetrapods and adds to the list of developmental peculiarities of urodele Limb development, which also include an anterior to posterior polarity of digit development. We propose a scenario to explain the evolutionary origin of urodele limb development. We assume that recent urodeles are derived from a lineage of amphibians which underwent partial digit reduction, leaving only two digits intact, most likely digits LU and TV according to Morse's law, This implies that urodele digits I and II are homologous to amniote digits III and IV, and that the postaxial digits of urodeles are an evolutionary innovation (re-invention), Supporting evidence for this homology hypothesis is found in the developmental connections between the basale commune and the postaxial zeugopodial element.
机译：在本文中，我们提供了关于青蛙Xenopus laevis和Newt Notophthalmus viridescens中Hoxa-11表达的初步结果。在羊膜肢中，Horn-II仅在预期的真足动物中表达，并参与了人猿的性格特征的发展。虽然非洲爪蟾中的Horn-II表达模式与小鼠和小鸡中描述的相似，但No头眼phthal从数字III的发育开始具有自足的Horn-II表达阶段。在后轴数字的芽中表达特别强烈。这种Horn-II表达模式在四足动物中是独特的，并增加了尾部肢体发育的发育特点，其中还包括手指发育的前后极性。我们提出了一个方案来解释urodele肢体发育的进化起源。我们假设最近的小乌得勒犬来自两栖动物，这些两栖动物经历了部分数字的减少，仅保留了两位数字，根据莫尔斯定律，最有可能的数字为LU和TV。这暗示着urodele的数字I和II与羊水的数字III和H同源。第四，并且乌头虫的后轴数字是一种进化创新（重新发明），这一同源性假说的佐证证据来自于巴萨莱公社与后轴兽足节元件之间的发育联系。

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