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首页> 外文期刊>American Zoologist >Organic osmolyte channels in the renal medulla: Their properties and regulation
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Organic osmolyte channels in the renal medulla: Their properties and regulation

机译：肾髓质中的有机渗透剂通道：其性质和调控

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摘要

In the mammalian kidney renal medullary cells use organic osmolytes such as sorbitol, myo-inositol, glycerophosphorylcholine, betaine, and taurine to adjust their intracellular osmolarity (and thereby their volume) to rapid and drastic changes in extracellular osmolarity. Using an immortalized cell line derived from rabbit thick ascending limb of Henle's loop (TALH cells) and primary cultures of rat inner medullary collecting duct (IMCD cells) the membrane transport systems activated during exposure to hypotonicity were investigated. In TALH cells an increase in sorbitol permeability of the (luminal) plasma membrane occurs by activation of a channel-like transporter involving a calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase. A similar system seems to operate in IMCD cells. In addition, the latter cells possess a swelling-activated anion channel that is also permeable for taurine and myo-inositol and inhibited by "anion channel" blockers, such as NPPB and DIDS. The sorbitol permeability of the plasma membrane appears to be furthermore regulated by a transient insertion of active transporters into the basolateral cell surface by a membrane recycling mechanism.
机译：在哺乳动物的肾脏中，肾髓质细胞使用有机渗透物，例如山梨糖醇，肌醇，甘油磷酸胆碱，甜菜碱和牛磺酸来调节其细胞内渗透压（从而调节其体积），以迅速而急剧地改变细胞外渗透压。使用来源于亨利环的兔厚上升肢的永生细胞系（TALH细胞）和大鼠内髓样收集管的原代培养物（IMCD细胞），研究了暴露于低渗状态下激活的膜转运系统。在TALH细胞中，通过激活涉及钙/钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶的通道样转运蛋白，使（腔）质膜的山梨醇渗透性增加。相似的系统似乎在IMCD单元中运行。另外，后一种细胞具有溶胀活化的阴离子通道，该通道对牛磺酸和肌醇也是可渗透的，并被“阴离子通道”阻滞剂例如NPPB和DIDS抑制。质膜的山梨醇渗透性似乎通过膜循环机制将活性转运蛋白瞬时插入基底外侧细胞表面而受到调节。

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