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首页> 外文期刊>American Zoologist >Secondary metabolites as mediators of trophic interactions among antarcticmarine organisms
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Secondary metabolites as mediators of trophic interactions among antarcticmarine organisms

机译：次生代谢产物作为南极海洋生物之间营养相互作用的媒介

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Secondary metabolites are widespread among lower phyla and understanding their functional role(s) in the producing organism has been under study in recent decades. Considerable progress has been made in understanding chemical ecological interactions among terrestrial organisms, and similar research in the marine realm has been initiated in recent years. Polar regions are more difficult to access and thus progress has been slower. Nevertheless, the extreme and often unique marine environments surrounding Antarctica as well as the many unusual trophic interactions in antarctic marine communities might well be expected to select for novel secondary metabolites and/or novel functional roles for secondary metabolites. Indeed, recent studies have documented novel, chemically-mediated interactions between molluscs and amphipods, between algae, urchins and anemones, and between sponges and their predators. The Porifera are the dominant phylum on the McMurdo Sound benthos, and representatives of this phylum have been shown to elaborate sea star feeding deterrents, inhibitors of fouling or infectious organisms, and metabolites which mediate predation via molt inhibition. As a result of studies on Antarctic sponges, new insights into functional roles of pigments and the ability of sponges to sequester metabolites have been gained, and a new mechanism of chemical defense has been described. Herein we describe recent results of our studies of trophic Interactions between sponges and their predators that are mediated by specific sponge secondary metabolites. Moreover, we highlight unusual chemically-mediated interactions in antarctic marine invertebrates other than sponges.
机译：次生代谢产物广泛存在于下门，近几十年来一直在研究其在生产生物中的功能。在理解陆地生物之间的化学生态相互作用方面已经取得了相当大的进展，并且近年来在海洋领域也开始了类似的研究。极地地区更难以进入，因此进展较慢。然而，极有可能在南极洲周围的极端且通常独特的海洋环境以及南极海洋群落中许多异常的营养相互作用选择新的次生代谢物和/或新的次生代谢物的功能。确实，最近的研究表明，软体动物和两栖动物之间，藻类，海胆和海葵之间以及海绵与其捕食者之间发生了新的化学介导的相互作用。 Porifera是McMurdo Sound底栖动物的主要门，并且已证明该门的代表精心制作了海星摄食威慑剂，结垢或传染性生物的抑制剂以及通过抑制蜕皮介导捕食的代谢产物。作为对南极海绵的研究的结果，获得了对颜料功能作用和海绵螯合代谢产物能力的新见解，并描述了一种新的化学防御机制。在这里，我们描述了我们的研究之间的海绵和它们的掠食者之间的营养相互作用的最新结果，这些相互作用是由特定的海绵次生代谢产物介导的。此外，我们重点介绍了除海绵以外的南极海洋无脊椎动物中异常的化学介导相互作用。

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