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Variability of primary production in an antarctic marine ecosystem asestimated using a multi-scale sampling strategy

机译：使用多尺度抽样策略估算的南极海洋生态系统初级生产的变异性

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A major objective of the multidisciplinary Palmer Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) program is to obtain a comprehensive understanding of various components of the Antarctic marine ecosystem-the assemblage of plants, animals, ocean, sea ice, and island components south of the Antarctic Convergence. Phytoplankton production plays a key role in this polar ecosystem, and factors that regulate production include those that control cell growth (light, temperature, nutrients) and those that control cell accumulation rate and hence population growth (water column stability, advection, grazing, and sinking). Several of these factors are mediated by the annual advance and retreat of sea ice. In this study, we examine the results from nearly a decade (1991-2000) of ecological research in the western Antarctic Peninsula region. We evaluate the spatial and temporal variability of phytoplankton biomass (estimated as chlorophyll-a concentration) and primary production (determined in-situ aboard ship as well as estimated from ocean color satellite data). We also present the spatial and temporal variability of sea ice extent (estimated from passive microwave satellite data). While the data record is relatively short from a long-term perspective, evidence is accumulating that statistically links the variability in sea ice to the variability in primary production. Even though this marine ecosystem displays extreme interannual variability in both phytoplankton biomass and primary production, persistent spatial patterns have been observed over the many years of study (e.g., an on to offshore gradient in biomass and a growing season characterized by episodic phytoplankton blooms). This high interannual variability at the base of the food chain influences organisms at all trophic levels.
机译：多学科帕尔默长期生态研究（LTER）计划的主要目标是全面了解南极海洋生态系统的各个组成部分-南极融合南部的植物，动物，海洋，海冰和岛屿组成部分的组合。浮游植物的生产在这一极地生态系统中起着关键作用，调节产量的因素包括那些控制细胞生长的因素（光照，温度，营养）和那些控制细胞积累速率从而控制种群增长的因素（水柱稳定性，平流，放牧和下沉）。这些因素中的几个是由海冰的年度前进和后退来调节的。在这项研究中，我们研究了南极半岛西部地区近十年（1991-2000年）的生态研究结果。我们评估浮游植物生物量（以叶绿素-a浓度估算）和初级生产（在船上就地确定以及根据海洋彩色卫星数据估算）的时空变异性。我们还介绍了海冰范围的时空变化（根据无源微波卫星数据估算）。从长期的角度来看，虽然数据记录相对较短，但越来越多的证据表明，海冰的可变性与初级生产的可变性之间存在统计联系。尽管该海洋生态系统在浮游植物生物量和初级生产中都显示出极大的年际变化，但在多年研究中仍观察到持续的空间格局（例如，生物量的从上到下的梯度以及以浮游植物浮游为特征的生长期）。食物链基础上的这种高年际变化会影响所有营养水平的生物。

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