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A brief review of metazoan phylogeny and future prospects in Hox-research

机译:后生动物系统发育简述及Hox研究的未来前景

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摘要

Underlying any analysis on the evolution of development is a phylogenetic framework, whether explicitly stated or implied. As such, differing views on phylogenetic relationships lead to variable interpretations of how developmental mechanisms have changed through time. Over the past decade, many long-standing hypotheses about animal evolution have been questioned causing substantial changes in the assumed phyIogenetic framework underlying comparative developmental studies. Current hypotheses about early metazoan history suggest that three, not two, major lineages of bilateral animals originated in the Precambrian: the Deuterostomes (e.g., seastars, acorn worms, and vertebrates), the Eedysozoans (e.g., nematodes and arthropods), and the Lophotrochozoans (e.g., annelids, mollusks, and lophophorates). Although information in Hox-genes bears directly on our understanding of early metazoan evolution and the formation of body plans, research effort has been focused primarily on two taxa, insects and vertebrates. By sampling a greater diversity of metazoan taxa and taking advantage of biotechnological advances in genomics, we will not only learn more about metazoan phylogeny, but will also gain valuable insight as to the key evolutionary forces that established and maintained metazoan bauplans.
机译:对发展演变进行任何分析的基础都是系统发育框架,无论是明确规定还是暗含的。因此,关于系统发生关系的不同观点导致对发展机制如何随时间变化的不同解释。在过去的十年中,人们对许多关于动物进化的长期假设提出了质疑,从而在比较发展研究的基础上导致了假设的系统发育框架发生了重大变化。当前关于后生动物早期历史的假说表明,三,而不是两个主要的双系动物起源于前寒武纪:氘代动物口罩(例如海星,橡子蠕虫和脊椎动物),Eedysozoans(例如线虫和节肢动物)和沙眼动物(例如,肘节动物,软体动物和磷光体)。尽管Hox基因中的信息直接取决于我们对后生动物早期进化和身体计划形成的了解,但研究工作主要集中在昆虫和脊椎动物这两个类群上。通过采样更大的后生类群多样性并利用基因组学中的生物技术进步,我们不仅将了解有关后生系统发育的更多信息,还将获得有关建立和维持后生bauplan的关键进化力的宝贵见解。

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