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Determinants of weight changes during the first 96 hours of life in full-term newborns

机译：足月新生儿出生后头96个小时体重变化的决定因素

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Background: Newborn weight loss (NWL) in the first 3 days of life is around 6 percent of birthweight (BW). We aim to describe the determinants of an excessive and insufficient NWL in the first 96 hours of life. Methods: A sample of 1,288 full-term singletons without congenital abnormality belonging to Generation XXI birth cohort was selected. Newborns were recruited in 2005-2006 at all public units providing obstetrical and neonatal care in Porto, Portugal. Information was collected by face-to-face interview and additionally abstracted from clinical records. Anthropometrics were obtained by trained examiners and newborn weight change (NWC) was estimated as (weight-BW)/BW × 100. We categorized NWL as excessive (below 10th percentile of the sample distribution of NWC: ≤-9.4% of BW), normal (between 10th and 90th percentiles: -9.3 to -4.2%) and insufficient (above 90th percentile: ≥ -4.1%). Adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95 percent confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using multinomial regression models. Results: Excessive NWL was positively associated with maternal age ≥40 years (OR = 3.32, 95%CI 1.19-9.25), maternal education (OR = 1.04, 95% CI 1.00-1.09), cesarean delivery (OR = 2.42, 95% CI 1.12-5.23), and phototherapy-treated jaundice (OR = 1.69, 95% CI 1.00-2.87). Insufficient NWL was positively associated with low BW (OR = 2.68, 95% CI 1.13-6.33), and formula/mixed feeding (OR = 1.74, 95% CI 1.13-2.66). Conclusion: Excessive NWL was positively associated with maternal age and education, cesarean delivery, and phototherapy-treated jaundice. Insufficient NWL reflected child's feeding. As breastfed newborns did not lose weight excessively, but newborns with formula/mixed feeding had insufficient NWL, our study supports that breastfeeding provides excellent nutrition during this period.
机译：背景：出生后前三天的新生儿体重减轻（NWL）约为出生体重（BW）的6％。我们的目的是描述生命的前96个小时中过多和不足的NWL的决定因素。方法：选择XXI世代出生的1,288例没有先天性异常的足月单身者。在2005年至2006年期间，葡萄牙波尔图的所有公共部门提供新生儿和新生儿保健服务，以提供产科和新生儿护理。通过面对面访谈收集信息，并从临床记录中另外提取信息。由训练有素的检查员获得的人体测量学和新生儿体重变化（NWC）估计为（体重-体重）/体重×100。我们将NWL归类为过度体重（在NWC样本分布的第10个百分点以下：体重的≤-9.4％），正常（介于10％和90％之间：-9.3至-4.2％）和不足（大于90％：≥-4.1％）。使用多项式回归模型计算调整后的优势比（OR）和95％置信区间（CI）。结果：过多的NWL与孕产妇年龄≥40岁（OR = 3.32，95％CI 1.19-9.25），孕产妇教育（OR = 1.04，95％CI 1.00-1.09），剖宫产（OR = 2.42，95％）呈正相关。 CI 1.12-5.23），以及经光疗治疗的黄疸病（OR = 1.69，95％CI 1.00-2.87）。 NWL不足与低体重（OR = 2.68，95％CI 1.13-6.33）和配方奶/混合喂养（OR = 1.74，95％CI 1.13-2.66）正相关。结论：过多的NWL与孕产妇的年龄和教育程度，剖宫产和光疗治疗的黄疸呈正相关。 NWL不足反映了孩子的喂养。由于母乳喂养的婴儿体重没有减轻过多，但采用配方奶/混合喂养的新生儿的NWL不足，因此我们的研究支持在此期间母乳喂养可提供出色的营养。

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