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首页> 外文期刊>Behavioural processes >Do more sociable dogs gaze longer to the human face than less sociable ones?
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Do more sociable dogs gaze longer to the human face than less sociable ones?

机译：善于交际的狗比不善于交际的狗注视人脸的时间更长吗？

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摘要

Domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) are especially skillful in communicating with humans, and they rely on special abilities to do that. One of these skills involves gazing at human faces in cases of uncertainty or when seeking for something out of reach. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between dogs' sociability level and the ability to learn to gaze in a situation with food in sight but out of their reach. Thirty-nine adult dogs were tested in two procedures: (1) a sociability test that involved interacting with an unknown person, and (2) a learning task that consisted of training trials in which gazing at the experimenter's face was food reinforced, followed by extinction trials in which gazing was not followed by food. A significant positive correlation was found between the duration of physical contact with the unknown person in the sociability test and gaze duration during extinction. Moreover, high sociability dogs gazed significantly longer at humans during extinction trials. We discuss the possibility that, more sociable animals, such as those who pay more attention to the person in our sociability test, may be more persistent in their communicative attempts because the presence of the human is intrinsically reinforcing to them. Finally, we comment on the importance of these findings for training purposes.
机译：家犬（犬似犬）在与人交流方面特别熟练，它们依靠特殊的能力来做到这一点。这些技能之一涉及在不确定的情况下或寻找遥不可及的东西时凝视人脸。在这项研究中，我们评估了狗的社交能力与在有食物却看不见的情况下学习注视能力之间的关系。对39只成年犬进行了两种测试：（1）社交测试，涉及与陌生人的互动;（2）一项学习任务，包括训练试验，其中凝视实验者的脸可以增强食物的营养，然后进行灭绝试验中没有注视食物。在社交能力测试中与陌生人的身体接触持续时间与灭绝期间的凝视持续时间之间存在显着的正相关。此外，在灭绝试验中，具有高社交能力的狗在人类身上的视线时间更长。我们讨论了这样一种可能性，即更友善的动物（例如在我们的社交能力测试中更加关注人的动物）在交流尝试中可能会更持久，因为人类的存在从本质上增强了它们。最后，我们评论这些发现对培训目的的重要性。

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