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首页> 外文期刊>Aggressive behavior: A multidisciplinary journal devoted to the experimental and observational analysis of conflict in humans and animals >Variation in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity among bullied and non-bullied children
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Variation in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity among bullied and non-bullied children

机译：受欺负儿童和非欺负儿童下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴活动的变化

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摘要

We examined the relationship between being bullied during childhood and activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis as assessed through repeated measures of salivary cortisol. A non-clinical sample of 154 (74 boys) predominantly Caucasian middle-class 12-year-olds each provided detailed information about their experiences with bullying and six saliva samples were standardized across time and day. Children with a history of child maltreatment, diagnosed psychiatric illness, foster care placement, medication use (psychotropic and oral contraception) and aggression directed toward peers and/or family members were excluded. Using multilevel regression and applying orthogonal polynomial contrasts to model the observed circadian pattern in the data, we found that occasional and frequent verbal peer victimization was associated with hyposecretion of cortisol when controlling for sex, pubertal status, age, depression and anxiety. This relation, however, was moderated by sex. For boys, occasional exposure was associated with higher cortisol levels, whereas for girls exposure was associated with lower cortisol levels. The present study highlights the need to consider the plight of peer-victimized children seriously, as it is associated with alterations to the HPA axis that affect males and females differently, and likely diminishes a person's ability to cope with stress, possibly placing them at risk for psychopathology and ill health.
机译：我们通过反复测量唾液皮质醇评估了儿童时期被欺负与下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴活动之间的关系。一项非临床样本包括154名（74名男孩），主要是12岁的白种人中产阶级，每个人都提供了有关其欺凌经历的详细信息，并且六种唾液样本在不同的时间和白天被标准化。有儿童虐待史，确诊为精神疾病，寄养机构，药物使用（精神和口服避孕药）以及针对同龄人和/或家庭成员的攻击行为的儿童除外。使用多级回归并应用正交多项式对比对数据中观察到的昼夜节律模式进行建模，我们发现在控制性别，青春期状态，年龄，抑郁和焦虑时，偶尔和频繁的言语同伴受害与皮质醇分泌不足有关。但是，这种关系是通过性别来调节的。对于男孩而言，偶尔的接触与较高的皮质醇水平有关，而对于女孩而言，与较低的皮质醇水平相关。本研究强调需要认真考虑被同龄人伤害的儿童的困境，因为它与HPA轴的改变相关，对男性和女性的影响不同，并有可能降低一个人应对压力的能力，可能使他们处于危险之中用于心理病理学和健康不良。

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