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Firing mechanism of oxide-carbon refractories with phenolic resin binder

机译：酚醛树脂粘合剂的氧化物碳耐火材料的烧制机理

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摘要

Oxide-carbon refractories, usually using phenolic resin as a binder, have been widely applied in metallurgical industry. Their firing has important effect on the properties, such as strength, porosity and thermal stability of the binder. Main processes occurring during the firing have been investigated. Below 750 degrees C, the binder decomposition was the main process. Its critical range was 400-600 degrees C, lots of functional groups decomposed, which caused a large amount of volatiles generated and many pores formed, leading to a fast decreasing of the strength by 50.1%. Above 750 degrees C, the binder shrinkage was the main process. At 750-800 degrees C, the crystallite size of the binder increased greatly, causing a rapid shrinkage and a fast decreasing of the porosity, which resulted in a significant increasing of the strength by 11.0%. As the temperature increased up to 950 degrees C, the shrinkage became slow, which leaded to that the porosity decreased slowly and the strength kept almost constant, implying that the thermal stability was good. Therefore, a slow heating rate was needed at 400-600 degrees C and 750-800 degrees C, and the firing temperature should exceed 800 degrees C.
机译：通常使用酚醛树脂作为粘合剂的氧化碳耐火材料已广泛应用于冶金工业中。它们的烧制对物业具有重要影响，例如粘合剂的强度，孔隙率和热稳定性。已经调查了在射击期间发生的主要过程。低于750℃，粘合剂分解是主要过程。其临界范围为400-600摄氏度，很多官能团分解，导致产生大量挥发物和形成的许多孔，导致强度的快速降低50.1％。高于750℃，粘合剂收缩是主要过程。在750-800摄氏度下，粘合剂的微晶尺寸大大增加，引起孔隙率的快速收缩和快速降低，从而显着增加了11.0％的强度。随着温度高达950℃的温度，收缩变慢，这导致孔隙率缓慢降低，强度保持几乎恒定，这意味着热稳定性好。因此，在400-600摄氏度和750-800摄氏度下需要缓慢的加热速率，烧制温度应超过800℃。

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