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首页> 外文期刊>Behavioural processes >Defining value through quantity and quality-Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) undervalue food quantities when items are broken
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Defining value through quantity and quality-Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) undervalue food quantities when items are broken

机译：通过数量和质量来定义价值-破碎物品时黑猩猩（盘古猿）低估了食物的数量

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Decision-making largely is influenced by the relative value of choice options, and the value of such options can be determined by a combination of different factors (e.g., the quantity, size, or quality of a stimulus). In this study, we examined the competing influences of quantity (i.e., the number of food items in a set) and quality (i.e., the original state of a food item) of choice items on chimpanzees' food preferences in a two-option natural choice paradigm. In Experiment 1, chimpanzees chose between sets of food items that were either entirely whole or included items that were broken into pieces before being shown to the chimpanzees. Chimpanzees exhibited a bias for whole food items even when such choice options consisted of a smaller overall quantity of food than the sets containing broken items. In Experiment 2, chimpanzees chose between sets of entirely whole food items and sets of initially whole items that were subsequently broken in view of the chimpanzees just before choice time. Chimpanzees continued to exhibit a bias for sets' of whole items. In Experiment 3, chimpanzees chose between sets of new food items that were initially discrete but were subsequently transformed into a larger cohesive unit. Here, chimpanzees were biased to choose the discrete sets that retained their original qualitative state rather than toward the cohesive or clumped sets. These results demonstrate that beyond a food set's quantity (i.e., the value dimension that accounts for maximization in terms of caloric intake), other seemingly non-relevant features (i.e., quality in terms of a set's original state) affect how chimpanzees assign value to their choice options. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：决策很大程度上受选择期权的相对价值影响，而这些期权的价值可以由不同因素（例如，刺激的数量，规模或质量）的组合来确定。在这项研究中，我们研究了选择项的数量（即一组食物的数量）和质量（即某项食物的原始状态）对黑猩猩的自然选择偏好的竞争影响。选择范式。在实验1中，黑猩猩在食物组中进行了选择，这些食物既可以是完整食品，也可以包括在被展示给黑猩猩之前破碎的食品。黑猩猩表现出对整个食物的偏见，即使这种选择包括的食物总量比含有破碎食物的食物组少。在实验2中，黑猩猩在一组完全完整的食物项目和一组最初的完整项目之间进行选择，随后又在选择时间之前针对黑猩猩将其破坏。黑猩猩继续表现出整套物品的偏见。在实验3中，黑猩猩在几组新食品中进行了选择，这些食品最初是离散的，但随后被转换成更大的粘性单元。在这里，黑猩猩偏向于选择保留其原始定性状态的离散集，而不是朝向内聚或成簇的集。这些结果表明，除了食物组的数量（即，在热量摄入方面占最大的价值维度）以外，其他看似无关的功能（即，在一组原始状态下的质量）也会影响黑猩猩如何将价值分配给他们的选择选项。 （C）2014 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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