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首页> 外文期刊>Current Science: A Fortnightly Journal of Research >Tunnel wells, the traditional water harvesting structures of Kasaragod, Kerala: re-visited
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Tunnel wells, the traditional water harvesting structures of Kasaragod, Kerala: re-visited

机译：隧道井，喀拉拉邦Kasaragod的传统水收集结构：重新访问

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摘要

Tunnel wells or surangams are less common traditional groundwater harvesting structures of Kasaragod district in Kerala, southern India. These horizontal wells, structurally resembling Qanats, are driven into the laterite plateaus and hills for tens of metres. The status of tunnel wells of Kasaragod is synthesized, the problems and prospects examined to evolve a common strategy for sustainability. Functionally four different types of tunnel wells exist: (1) single tunnel, (2) single tunnel with branches, (3) tunnel system ending in a vertical well, and (4) tunnel system ending in a well with a horizontal outlet. The yield of tunnel wells has reduced over the years and 50% of them are now dry. Single tunnels (types 1 and 2) act as conduits for excessive draining of groundwater from the aquifer system during the rainy season, leading to wastage of groundwater and lowering the water table. The discharge estimates from the 24 tunnel wells indicate that 6653 m(3) of groundwater gets discharged from the aquifer per day. To prevent wastage, the mouth of the tunnel wells should be fitted with half shutter gate with a control valve at the bottom. There is an urgent need to create awareness to protect and modify these traditional water harvesting structures for sustainability of water resources.
机译：隧道井或苏兰克在印度南部喀拉拉邦的Kasaragod区常见的传统地下水收获结构不那么常见。这些水平井，结构上类似的Q anats，被驱逐到后卫的高原和山丘上，为几十米。综合了Kasaragod隧道井的地位，审查的问题和前景以发展可持续性的共同战略。功能上存在四种不同类型的隧道孔：（1）单隧道，（2）单隧道，带分支，（3）隧道系统结束在垂直井中，（4）隧道系统以水平出口结束良好。多年来，隧道井的产量降低，其中50％现在干燥。单个隧道（类型1和2）充当雨季在含水层系统中过度排出地下水的导管，导致地下水的浪费并降低水位。 24隧道井的排放估计表明，每天6653米（3）个地下水从含水层排出。为防止浪费，隧道井的口应配有半快门闸门，底部有一个控制阀。迫切需要创造意识，以保护和改变这些传统的水收集结构，以实现水资源的可持续性。

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