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首页> 外文期刊>Current Science: A Fortnightly Journal of Research >Milk proteins, health issues and its implications on National Livestock Breeding Policy of India
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Milk proteins, health issues and its implications on National Livestock Breeding Policy of India

机译：牛奶蛋白，健康问题及其对印度国家畜禽养殖政策的影响

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Increasing evidence supporting the correlation between bovine beta-casein and disorders in milk consumers has led to the development and popularity of A2 milk and milk products worldwide. The indigenous cattle population of India harbours the preferred A2 allele of beta casein; however, genetic improvement of this cattle population by crossbreeding with exotic breeds is spoiling the gene pool as most of the exotic breeds contain A1 allele of the gene. In this study, we aim at evaluating the status of beta-casein in the Indian dairy sector and provide a discussion of future implications to the A2 milk industry. Our results show that the genotypic frequencies of A1 and A2 genes in a sample cattle population were 0.365 and 0.635 respectively. Based on the pure nature of the A2 allele in indigenous cattle, the presence of the A1 allele was assumed to be attributable to crossbreeding with exotic cattle breeds. Current options to drift the frequency of herds towards A2 are highly limited, raising serious questions regarding breeding policies in India and the lack of availability of certified A2 semen straws. The absence of any official standards and certification procedures in the country for A2 milk and milk products aggravates the situation from a food safety perspective. The future focus of sorted sexed semen and embryo transfers by the Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries in India for dairy development should include A2 certification as an integral component. The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India should define and establish standard protocols for certification of A2 milk and milk products to safeguard the rights of consumers against the potential food fraud.
机译：增加支持牛奶消费者疾病之间的相关性的证据导致了全球A2牛奶和奶制品的发展和普及。印度的土着牛群留下了β酪蛋白的优选A2等位基因;然而，由于大多数异乎寻常的品种含有基因的A1等位基因，通过跨性繁殖的这种牛群的遗传改善是通过杂交的跨性繁殖是破坏基因库。在这项研究中，我们的目的是评估印度乳制品部门的β-酪蛋白的地位，并讨论对A2牛奶行业的未来影响。我们的研究结果表明，样品牛群中A1和A2基因的基因型频率分别为0.365和0.635。基于土着牛的A2等位基因的纯净性，假设A1等位基因的存在应归因于与异国情调的牛品种的杂交。目前漂移牛群往A2的频率非常有限，提高了关于印度的育种政策的严重问题以及缺乏认证的A2精液吸管。对于A2牛奶和奶制品的国家没有任何官方标准和认证程序加剧了食品安全视角的情况。在印度畜牧业，乳房和渔业部门进行分类的性别精液和胚胎转移的未来重点应包括A2认证作为一个整体组成部分。印度的食品安全和标准授权应定义和建立标准议定书，用于A2牛奶和奶制品认证，以保护消费者对潜在的食物欺诈的权利。

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