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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >A carbon budget model to predict branch carbohydrate deficiencies as a function of water stress and crop load in pistachio [Pistacia veral.)
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A carbon budget model to predict branch carbohydrate deficiencies as a function of water stress and crop load in pistachio [Pistacia veral.)

机译：一种碳预算模型，以预测分支碳水化合物缺陷作为一种水分胁迫和开心作物载荷的函数[pistacia nulal。）

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The effect of irrigation and crop load on alternate bearing was studied in pistachio tree using a "branch carbon budget model" developed to calculate branch carbohydrate balance. Experiences were conducted in Sicily (37°26'N, 14°03'E, 360 m a.s.l.)on female trees of 'Bianca'. Two treatments were applied: rainfed (TO) and 100 mm of irrigation (T100). At 29, 44, 65, 86,103 and 121 DAFB, on one fully expanded leaf selected on three trees per treatment, were monitored leaf gas exchanges. At 15 days interval, three branches treatment1 were excised and, in the lab, the following parameters were measured: total photosynthetically active leaf surface; number of leaves, fruits, shoot fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW). Photosynthetic response curves toPPFD were calculated on the base of data published in the literature. Irrigation positively affected branch carbon budget that resulted positive (6.87 g of C) at the end of the season, whereas in rainfed trees the carbon budget was negative (-13.98 g ofC). In rainfed trees seasonal branch carbon assimilation was 44% lower as a consequence of reduced leaf area. 28 days after full bloom, when leaves reached full development, leaf area fruiting branch1 in rainfed trees was 920 and 1300 cm2 in branches ofirrigated tress. Branch of rainfed trees also showed intense leaf drop and yellowing that strongly reduced late season assimilation rate (Amax 4.5 umol m2 s1 in branches of rainfed trees vs. 10 umol nv2 s1 in irrigated ones), affecting total seasonal carbon assimilation. Referring to the carbon budget of the branches, considering the interaction between crop load and irrigation, one cluster was the maximum sustainable crop load in rainfed trees while irrigation enabled the branches to sustain up to three clusters, maintaining a positive carbon budget until fruit ripening. The results reported confirm that the "branch carbon budget model", after further validation, will be a valid tool to predict carbohydrate budget as function of crop load and irrigation, useful to help to manage orchard to reduce the severity of alternate bearing.
机译：使用“分支碳预算模型”开发的“分支碳预算模型”计算灌溉和作物负荷对交替轴承的影响，以计算分支碳水化合物平衡。在“Bianca”的女性树上，在西西里岛（37°26'n，14°03'e，360米A.S.L.）进行经验。应用了两种治疗方法：雨水（至）和100毫米灌溉（T100）。在29,44,65,86,103和121dafb上，在每次治疗三棵树上选择的一个完全扩张的叶片上，被监测叶气交换。在15天间隔，切除三个分支处理1，在实验室中，测量以下参数：总光合作用叶片表面;叶子，水果，拍摄新鲜重量（FW）和干重（DW）的数量。光合响应曲线TOPPFD计算在文献中发布的数据基础上。灌溉积极影响分支碳预算，在本赛季结束时导致阳性（6.87克C），而在雨水树上，碳预算为负（-13.98 g）。由于叶面积减少，雨季树木季节性分支碳同化均降低了44％。盛开后28天，当叶子达到全面开发时，雨水树木的叶子面积果实分支为920和1300厘米的分支机构的近雷布。雨水树枝也表现出强烈的叶片下降和泛黄，强烈降低了晚期减少的晚期同化率（Amax 4.5在雨水树枝中的灌溉树木分支中，灌溉液中的10μlMV2S1），影响了季节性碳共振的总季节碳同化。参考分支的碳预算，考虑到作物负荷和灌溉之间的相互作用，一组群是雨水树木的最大可持续作物载荷，而灌溉使分支能够维持多达三个集群，维持正碳预算，直到果实成熟。结果证实，经过进一步验证的“分支碳预算模型”，将是预测碳水化合物预算作为作物负荷和灌溉功能的有效工具，有助于帮助管理果园以减少交替轴承的严重程度。

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