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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Histological and proteomic approaches to study floral bud induction in relation to biennial bearing in apple
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Histological and proteomic approaches to study floral bud induction in relation to biennial bearing in apple

机译：组织学和蛋白质组学方法研究苹果中的两年轴承诱导

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摘要

Biennial or alternate bearing in fruit trees leads to fluctuating yields, characterized by 'On' years with high crop loads followed by 'Off years with little or no yield. To study the mechanism of biennial bearing in apple [Malus domestica Borkh.), the cultivars 'Royal Gala' as a regular bearer and 'Fuji' as a strongly alternating cultivar were investigated. 'Off trees were completely thinned at full bloom, whereas 'On' trees were not thinned to maintain the natural high crop load. The first signs offloral bud initiation were detected for 'Fuji' at 70 days after full bloom (DAFB) and 120 DAFB for 'Off and On' trees, respectively. In Royal Gala', initiated buds were observed not before 100 DAFB in both treatments. Hence, buds from 'Fuji' 'Off treescommitted to flowering about one month earlier than those from 'Royal Gala' 'Off trees. In contrast, flower initiation of buds from 'Royal Gala' 'On' trees occurred 20 days earlier when compared to those from 'Fuji' 'On' trees. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) coupled with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) allowed the identification of 3011 proteins. A Student's T-Test revealed 181 differentially expressed proteins between buds from 'On' and 'Off trees. Specifically,81 proteins were significantly upregulated in floral buds and 100 proteins in vegetative buds, respectively. The largest log2 fold change of 3.17 was identified for a zinc metalloprotease in buds from the 'Fuji' 'On' treatment. The protein with the highest up-regulation in 'Fuji' 'Off buds was a nigrin b-like protein. Histological analysis of bud development has proven to be an essential and reliable tool to identify the time point of floral initiation in apple. Moreover, this study demonstrates that especially in biennial bearing cultivars, crop load heavily influences the onset of floral bud initiation and can differ for up to 50 days within the same cultivar depending on crop load. The identification of this critical period enables in-depth analysis of biochemical changes such as differences in protein profiles to further reveal the mechanism of biennial bearing in apple.
机译：果树中的两年期或替代轴承导致产量波动，其特征在于“在”较高的作物载荷的年份，然后“关闭几年或没有收益率”。为了研究苹果[Malus domestica Borkh的双年轴承机制。调查了作为常规持票人的品种“皇家大战”和“富士”作为强烈交替的品种。 “脱树树完全绽放，而”on“树木不会变薄以维持天然高作物负荷。第一个迹象分别在盛开（DAFB）和120张“关闭”和“树木之后的70天”富士“检测到Offloral芽开始。在皇家庆典中，观察到在两种治疗中100例DAFB之前未观察到发芽的芽。因此，从'富士''off the grouscompited的芽比从“皇家加拉安皇家”的树木上的一个月内开花。相比之下，与“富士”在树上的“富士'”中的人相比，从“皇家大战”的“皇家加拉”的芽开始的花朵开始。电喷雾电离质谱（ESI-MS）与超高效液相色谱（UHPLC）相结合，允许鉴定3011蛋白。学生的T-TEST揭示了181个差异表达的蛋白质，从'上'和'离树木。具体地，分别在花芽和100种植物芽中显着上调了81个蛋白质。 3.17的最大LOG2折叠变化是针对“富士”在“治疗”的芽中的锌金属蛋白酶。在'fuji'''芽中具有最高调节的蛋白质是硝基b样蛋白。芽开发的组织学分析已被证明是一个必不可少的可靠的工具，以确定苹果中的花卉启动时间点。此外，本研究表明，特别是在双年展轴承品种中，作物负荷严重影响花芽起始的发病，并且在同一品种内可能与作物负荷相同50天。该关键时期的鉴定能够深入分析生化变化，例如蛋白质谱的差异，以进一步揭示苹果中的双年轴承的机制。

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  • 来源
    《Acta Horticulturae》 |2018年第1229期|共7页
  • 作者

    A. Milyaev; J. Kofler; J. Pfannstiel; D. Stefanelli; H. Flachowsky; M.V. Hanke; J.N. Wiinsche;

  • 作者单位

    University of Hohenheim Department of Crop Science Crop Physiology of Specialty Crops Germany;

    University of Hohenheim Department of Crop Science Crop Physiology of Specialty Crops Germany;

    University of Hohenheim Core Facility Hohenheim Mass Spectrometry Unit Germany;

    Agriculture Victoria Department of Economic Development Jobs Transport and Resources AgriBio Australi;

    Julius Kulin-Institut fJKI) Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants Institute for Breeding Research on Fruit Crops Germany;

    Julius Kulin-Institut fJKI) Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants Institute for Breeding Research on Fruit Crops Germany;

    University of Hohenheim Department of Crop Science Crop Physiology of Specialty Crops Germany;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 园艺;
  • 关键词

    Malus domestica Borkh.; crop load; biennial bearing; floral initiation; flower induction; spur buds;

    机译：Malus domestica borkh。;作物负荷;双年轴承;花卉开始;花诱导;刺耳;

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