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A review of current progress in our research on sex determination in Diospyros

机译：我们在Diososyos中的性别测定研究进展述评

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This review summarizes current progress in our research on sex determination in Diospyros species. We used next generation sequencing technologies and Diospyros lotus, a close relative of the cultivated species Diospyros kaki, as our model. We compared floral initiation and developmental patterns of male and female flowers between D. kaki and D. lotus because the sexual systems of D. kaki differ from those of most other Diospyros species. The sexual system of D. lotus and most Diospyros species is dioecious while D. kaki is polygamous. After confirming that floral initiation patterns were similar in D. lotus and D. kaki, we used D. lotus as a model to study sexuality in Diospyros. We crossed D. lotus 'Kunsenshi Female' with D. lotus 'Kunsenshi Male'to produce an Fi population (the KK Fi population) that segregated distinct male and female phenotypes. Using 63 Fi offspring, a bulked segregant analysis with amplified fragment length polymorphisms showed that the sexuality of D. lotus is controlled by a single locus or haploblock in a heterogametic male (XY) system. The genomes of D. kaki bearing male flowers contained the maleness DNA marker developed from D. lotus, suggesting that the genetic control of sexuality is similar in D. lotus and D. kaki. We conducted Illumina HiSeq paired-end sequencing of the genomes of 57 individuals from the KK Fi population. We cataloged and assembled male-specific subsequences (male-specific k-mers) from the Illumina HiSeq genomic reads data from male and female pools. These analyses enabled us to isolate the male-determining regions on the Y-chromosome in D. lotus. Integrating transcriptome and evolutionary analyses led to the identification of one Y-specific sex-determinant candidate gene, OGI. OGI encodes a small RNA that in turn triggers transitive RNA interference on a feminizing gene, MeGI, located on the autosomal or pseudoautosomal region of the sex chromosome to produce male flowers. These data indicate that the genetic control of maleness expression inDiospyros, including D. kaki, is based on the OGI/MeGI system.
机译：本综述总结了我们对Diospyros物种的性别测定研究的目的进展。我们使用下一代测序技术和Diospyros Lotus，培养物种Diospyros Kaki的亲密相对，作为我们的模型。我们对D. Kaki和D.莲花之间的雄性和女性花的花卉启动和发育模式进行了比较，因为D. Kaki的性系统与大多数其他二卓罗斯物种的性系统不同。 D.莲花和大多数二卓罗斯物种的性系统是D. Kaki是聚烯烃的巨型。在确认D. Lotus和D. Kaki中的花卉启动模式相似之后，我们使用D. Lotus作为在Diososyos中学习性行为的模型。我们越过D. Lotus'Kunsenshi女性'与D. Lotus'Kunsenshi Male'to产生一个占据独特的男性和女性表型的群体（KK Fi群体）。使用63 fi后代，具有扩增的片段长度多态性的膨胀的分离分析表明，D.莲花的性行为由杂种核糖（XY）系统中的单个基因座或HaploOck控制。 D. Kaki轴承雄性花的基因组含有从D.莲花发育的恶性DNA标志物，表明性欲的遗传控制在D. Lotus和D. Kaki中类似。我们从KK Fi群体进行了57个个体的基因组的Illumina Hiseq成对结束序列。我们编目和组装来自Illumina HiSeq基因组的男性特异性的子序列（男性特异性K-MERS）从男性和女性池中读取数据。这些分析使我们能够在D. Lotus中的Y-染色体上隔离男性测定区域。整合转录组和进化分析导致鉴定一个y特异性性别候选候选基因OGI。 OGI编码一个小RNA，又触发了位于女性化基因，Megi的传递RNA干扰，位于性染色体的常染色体或假染色体区域以产生雄性花朵。这些数据表明，嗅觉表达的遗传控制IndioSososs，包括D. Kaki，基于OGI / Megi系统。

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