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首页> 外文期刊>Acta Horticulturae >Assessing the robustness of leaf fluorescence parameters for phenotyping the genotypic variability in photosynthesis across hundreds of apple tree cultivars
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Assessing the robustness of leaf fluorescence parameters for phenotyping the genotypic variability in photosynthesis across hundreds of apple tree cultivars

机译：评估叶片荧光参数的鲁棒性，以便在数百种苹果树品种上进行光合作用的基因型变异性

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摘要

To cope with increasing water scarcity, breeding programs targeting for more efficient crop require comprehensive knowledge of carbon- and water use-related processes, including photosynthesis, the regulation of transpiration (by stomatal closure) andwater use efficiency (the ratio of carbon gain to water use). These questions have been scarcely studied in fruit trees, yet are of major economic importance. A main limitation results from the lack of high-throughput techniques to characterize the physiological variability in these processes for hundreds of trees in the field as required to performing genetic analyses. We screened the European apple diversity for photosynthesis, by unique combination of high-throughput and in planta measurements applied on two core-collections in Montpellier (France) and Bologna (Italy), respectively. A progressive soil water deficit was ensured and continuously monitored in both orchards, through summer irrigation withholding, in order to evaluate the genotypic variability in response to drought. We tested the relevance and applicability of the semi-empirical Ipl index, computed from chlorophyll fluorescence measurements, as a high-throughput indicator of leaf photosynthesis. The validity of this proxy was assessedthrough fine measurements of photosynthesis on 6 cultivars common to both collections. We validated the robustness of IPL through model calibration across sites, days and periods of measurements. We then undertook Ipl measurements in the whole collections (>250 cultivars). A large variability of Ipl was observed with highly significant effects of the genotype and watering scenario (well-watered vs. water deficit). These results pave the way to genome wide association studies (GWAS) to identify the genomic regions controlling the variations detected.
机译：为了应对越来越高的水资源稀缺，瞄准更高效作物的育种计划需要全面了解碳和水使用相关的过程，包括光合作用，蒸腾的调节（通过气孔闭合）和水利用效率（碳增益与水的比率）用）。这些问题几乎没有在果树中进行过度研究，但经济的主要重要性是主要的。由于缺乏高通量技术来表征这些过程中的生理变异性，以表征这些过程中的生理变异，以便进行遗传分析。我们筛选了光合作用的欧洲苹果多样性，通过高通量和Planta测量分别在蒙彼利埃（法国）和博洛尼亚（意大利）的两个核心汇集上应用。通过夏季灌注扣缴，确保了渐进土壤水赤字并在两种果园中不断监测，以评估对干旱的基因型变异性。我们测试了从叶绿素荧光测量计算的半经验IPL指数的相关性和适用性，作为叶片光合作用的高吞吐量指标。该代理的有效性是评估对两家集合共同的6种品种的光合作用的微量测量。我们通过跨网站，日期和测量期间的模型校准验证了IPL的稳健性。然后我们在整个收集（> 250种品种）中进行IPL测量。通过对基因型和浇水场景（浇水与水缺陷良好）的高度显着影响，观察到IPL的大幅变化。这些结果为基因组宽协会研究（GWAs）铺平了识别控制检测到的变化的基因组区域。

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