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Off-season production of durian in the Mekong delta, Viet Nam

机译：越南湄公河三角洲榴莲的淡季生产

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摘要

In 2012, there were about 24,573 ha of durian in Viet Nam, distributed mainly in three regions, Highland, the South-east and the Mekong delta (MD); the area of the latter made up almost 50% of that of the whole country. In recent years, the most popular durian cultivars cultivated in the MD are RI 6', 'Monthong' and 'Kho qua xanh'. Durian starts to flower naturally in December-January, and is harvested from May to June as an effect of drought conditions; however, in the MD, durian can be induced to flower year-round thanks to good irrigation-drainage systems. Growers induce durian flowering by applying a combination of treatments including plastic mulching of the raised beds, ditch drainage within 30-40 days, and foliar spray of paclobutrazol (PBZ)at 1000 and 1500 ppm when the leaves turn from light to dark green (2-3 months old). The period of emergence of inflorescence buds and the flowering ratio vary depending on cultivar, climate, and the extent of drought conditions. 'Kho qua xanh' is easierto induce to flower than 'Sua hat lop', 'RI 6' or 'Monthong'. 'Kho qua xanh' starts to flower concentratedly from 20-25 days after induction whereas, for the other cultivars, flowers appear from 30-35 days after induction or longer, and there may be twoor three periods of flowering if there are heavy rains and the ditches are not drained completely.
机译：2012年，越南约24,573公顷，主要分布在三个地区，高地，东南和湄公河三角洲（MD）;后者的地区占全国近50％。近年来，MD中培养的最受欢迎的榴莲品种是RI 6'，'铃声'和'Kho Zha Xanh'。榴莲在12月至1月开始自然开花，从5月到6月收获作为干旱状况的影响;然而，在MD中，由于良好的灌溉排水系统，榴莲可以全年诱导花。种植者通过施加治疗组合，包括塑料覆盖床，30-40天内的塑料覆盖，叶状蛋白（PBZ）的叶子喷射，当叶子从光线变为深绿色时（2 -3个月大）。花序芽的出现和开花比率因品种，气候和干旱条件的程度而异。 'Kho Qua Xanh'是Easierto诱导花比'Sua Hat Lop'，'ri 6'或'ringsong'。 'Kho Qua Xanh'在归类后20-25天开始富集，而其他品种，鲜花在感应或更长后30-35天出现，如果有暴雨，可能会有三个开花的三个月沟渠没有完全排水。

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