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首页> 外文期刊>ACS applied materials & interfaces >Expanded Graphite-Polyurethane Foams for Water Oil-Filtration
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Expanded Graphite-Polyurethane Foams for Water Oil-Filtration

机译：用于水油过滤的膨胀石墨 - 聚氨酯泡沫

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Herein, expanded graphite is successfully combined with waterborne polyurethane to develop porous foams with underwater oleophobic properties for the separation of surfactant-free, oil-in-water mixtures and emulsions. To obtain foams with different pore sizes and therefore with different performances in the oil-water filtration process, two solvent-free fabrication processes are adopted. In the first one, the expanded graphite granules are mixed with the waterborne polyurethane (PUEGr), and in the second method, calcium carbonate is introduced to the two-component mixture (PUEGr_t). In both cases, the obtained foams exhibit hydrophilicity and oleophilicity in air and oleophobicity underwater, and they have porous interconnected networks, while their pore size distribution differs significantly. The foams can be used as 3D filters, able to separate, through gravity, surfactant-free, oil-in-water mixtures (10% w/w oil in water) with high oil rejection efficiencies and flow rates that depend on the type of foam. In particular, in the gravity driven filtration process using 100 mL of the feed liquid, the PUEGr foams have an oil rejection efficiency of 96.85% and flow rate of 9988 L m(-2) h(-1), while for the PUEGr_t foams the efficiency is higher (99.99%) and the flow rate is lower (8547 L m(-2) h(-1,) due to their smaller pore size. Although the PUEGr_t foams have slower separation performance, they are more efficient for the separation of surfactant-free emulsions (1% w/w oil in water) reaching an oil rejection efficiency of 98.28%, higher than the 95.66% of the PUEGr foams of the same thickness. The foams can be used for several filtration cycles, as well as in harsh conditions without deteriorating their performance. The nature of raw materials, the simple solvent-free preparation method, the effective gravity-driven filtration even in harsh conditions, and their reusability suggest that the herein engineered foams have great potential for practical applications in oil-water separation through highly energy-efficient filtration.
机译：这里，扩增石墨与水性聚氨酯成功结合水性聚氨酯，以开发具有水下疏油性能的多孔泡沫，用于分离表面活性剂，水 - 水混合物和乳液。为了获得具有不同孔径的泡沫，因此在油 - 水过滤过程中具有不同的性能，采用了两种无溶剂制造方法。在第一，将膨胀的石墨颗粒与水性聚氨酯（PUEGR）混合，并在第二种方法中，将碳酸钙引入双组分混合物（PUEGR_T）。在这两种情况下，所获得的泡沫在水下的空气和疏油性中表现出亲水性和疏油性，并且它们具有多孔互连的网络，而其孔径分布显着不同。泡沫可用作3D过滤器，能够通过重力分离，通过重力，无表面活性剂的油状混合物（10％w / w油），具有高耐油效率和依赖于类型的流速泡沫。特别地，在使用100ml进料液的重力驱动过滤过程中，PUEGR泡沫的排水效率为96.85％，流速为9988L m（-2）H（-1），而PUEGR_T泡沫效率更高（99.99％），流速较低（8547 L m（-2）H（-1，）由于其较小的孔径。虽然Puegr_t泡沫具有较慢的分离性能，但它们更有效离心剂的乳液（水中1％w / w油）的分离达到98.28％的排水效率，高于厚度的PuegR泡沫的95.66％。泡沫可用于几个过滤循环，如以及在恶劣的条件下而不会恶化它们的性能。原料的性质，即使在恶劣的条件下也是一种简单的无溶剂制备方法，即使在恶劣的条件下也是有效的重力驱动过滤，其可重用性表明本文的工程泡沫具有很大的实际应用潜力在油水分离上UGH高度节能过滤。

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